Love And Luxury

Question 1

Features of House of Mars and Venus

Answer 1

Nude Venus
Mars usually old and bearded, should be at war
Cupids wearing his armour - Mars oblivious
Venus holding his spear
Greek hoplite shield
Mythological figures - offer distance but also very Greek

Question 2

Features of purpose built brothel

Answer 2

2 floors
Living accommodation for women above?
Attainable luxury
Generic images of love: nothing shown is extreme or identifiable, business like to appeal to most people

Question 3

Features of the House of Morality/ drinking party

Answer 3

Top LEFT in ROMAN style:
3 people lying diagonally facing into the centre
Social distiction determined by where you are sitting (very Roman)
Men and women together, drinking and eating

RIGHT in GREEK style: Narrower couches, bare chest, Dining is men only, and food/ drinking is seperate - greek style allows for distance between scene and viewers

Question 4

Features of House of chase lovers

Answer 4

Indoor party - greek style from bare chests and necklace, party girls, drinking competition, everything has gone too far
Outdoor party - women and servents

Question 5

Features of House of M Lucretius Fronto

Answer 5

Painting of a villa inside of house
Peristyle colonnade - from Greek outdoor architecture
Symmetrical, big
2 stories
3rd style, sitting in a landscape of other buildings
Garden with fences around it

Question 6

Features of the Villa of Papyri, Herculaneum

Answer 6

Peristyle colonnades - Greek
Romans add gardens to the colonnades (greeks left bare)
No evidence of 2nd floor
Series of predominantly early hellenistic
Creates a cultured greek environment for guests to be led through - this luxury is okay in Naples, away from Rome

Question 7

Construction of Villa Oplontis

Answer 7

Centre = mid 1st century BC - adds aceducts for baths

mid 1st century AD wing + big pool added

Question 8

Features of Villa Oplontis (atrium)

Answer 8

Empty, no doors
columns and landscape paintings, incense burners/holders
Shields with 3D busts in them - associated with military honours
ON RIGHT - representation of Greek shields with Macedonian shields (Sign of Seleucids on it - Pompey)
Villas could be built on the shore after Pompey defeated pirates

Question 9

Features of Villa Oplontis (triclinium)

Answer 9

Images of a sanctuary (tholos) - circular temple
Gold shield with star - Alexander the Great and all his successor kings’ bodyguards had gold shields - dedicated in shrine

Question 10

Features of Villa at Boscotrecase

Answer 10

Landscape painting
illusion of depth is created by the use of darker colours and more dtail in the foreground, lighter colours and less detail in background

simple bucolic life - honest citizen ploughing his furrow
honouring the gods
tempes in background
idyllic and sacred landscapes

Question 11

Features of Villa of Livia at Prima Porta

Answer 11

Garden painting: pretends to be a cave, in the cave looking out
contaning nature
potentially marble picket fence
seems denser because of foreground/background
bird cage
everything flourishing: fertility/rebirth - new era of Rome

Question 12

Features of Mythological landscape

Answer 12

illusion of depth
Laestrygonians - giants destroying Odysseus’ men
creates mythological world

Question 13

Features of Sperlonga

Answer 13

Dining space in the middle of a pond and looking into a cave

Cave has pieces of sculpture in it

Question 14

Features of House of the silver wedding

Answer 14

Corinthian columns in the atrium
Extra plaster on the bottoms to protect marble from when people are rubbing against them
fountain in the middle in an impluvium

Question 15

Features of House of Caecilius Iucundus

Answer 15

Herms - Greek public architecture being used in private houses (head and torso on tall square plinth)

receiving honours as gratitude from former slaves

Question 16

Features of House of Lucretius Fronto

Answer 16

relatively small house for someone occupying his position
atrium black = low light it is effective

tablinium
3rd moving into 4th style 
wall divided 3 by 3
mythical paintings of Mars reaching into Venus' ciothes to grab her
pretend garden with fence

Question 17

Features of House of Vetii

Answer 17

Red room - scene of work done by cupids

Theban room - big mythological images
Unpleasant images of Pentheus/ other mythology

Often equated to Trimalchio but this is based on limited evidence based on names and some small personal items - not obviously a freedman

Question 18

Features of the house and bakery of Terentius Neo

Answer 18

Bakery in the house
she holding up a stylus with wax tablet - education and literature
he holding scroll with label
possibly depicting owners of house or bakery

Question 19

Features of house of baker

Answer 19

pretty small
house of baker painting in room e - tablinium
rather than literal depiction of his career, emblematic of his patronage and generosity

very white toga

Question 20

Features of Pyramid tomb

Answer 20

wall is about 270 AD
gates also late date
tomb would have been isolated
last extravagant non-imperial tomb in Rome - Augustus’ rules on spending limits of burial

Question 21

Features of Columbarium

Answer 21

Burial plots underground made available from members of households
- exslaves, to make sure that they are looked after in death

Question 22

Features of Tomb of Haterii

Answer 22

pride in technology/work on the left
2 storey tomb
in the form of a temple, pick out where wife is represented - where the gods would be
above the eagles (apotheosis)
veiled
On top- reclining white children play - they seem alive
Her portrait on Venus’ body as was fashion of the time
Ancestor masks

Question 23

Features of Theatre of Pompey

Answer 23

Reconstructed model of the campus martius
when built - would be mostly marsh/ open land
steps upto a temple - 5 shrines at the top
temple cutting into the seating

Question 24

Features of Forma Urbis

Answer 24

300=310 AD shows theatre of Pompey

Doesn’t show anything cutting into the seating

Question 25

Features of Theatre of Marcellus

Answer 25

Started by Caesar and finished by Augustus - brought in legislation about seating 
segregated social class - 3 storeys, divided into three sections - upper class vastly over represented as far as the space they were offered

Question 26

Features of Circus Maximus

Answer 26

At peak 25k people could fit in

Question 27

Features of Gladiator pair

Answer 27

Always a referee - man in toga with stick to intervene at a distance
protection for arm and shoulder
big helmet with timy eye holes - heavy and individuals unseen