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Dx Imaging 2 > Lord of the Xrays- Fellowship > Flashcards

Lord of the Xrays- Fellowship Flashcards

1
Q

Epiphyseal injurings affect….

common sites…

A

affect bone growth (so do metaphysis injuries)

common sites: distal tibia, fibula, ulna, and radius

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2
Q

Partial dislocation =

A

subluxation

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3
Q

full dislocation =

A

luxation

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4
Q

Diastasis =

A

separation of adjacent joint surfaces of a fibrous or cartilaginous joint

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5
Q

Fracture healing is dependent on…

A

fragment apposition, fracture fixation, blood supply

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6
Q

Hematoma =

A

bleeding from vessel damage, clot formation, osteocyte necrosis

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7
Q

Inflammation occurs…

A

w/in several hours, proliferation of cells in periosteum and endosteum, granulation tissue bridges fragments, hematoma resorbed capillary buds enter

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8
Q

Callus in fracture healing…

A

fibroblast proliferation, granular tissue undergoes metaplasia to collagenoblasts, chondroblasts, and osteobalsts, 3 weeks post rauma, stability increases

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9
Q

Consolidation in fracture healing…

A

Osteoclasts are introduced by capillaries, alter woven bone to become lamellar bone, can withstand normal load

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10
Q

Remodeling in fracture healing…

A

months to years, bony bridge is remodeled to pretrauma size/shape, excess callus removed, medullary canal recanalized

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11
Q

Fracture descriptions: avulsion

A

fragment pulled from ligament or tendon attachment

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12
Q

Fracture descriptions: closed

A

doesn’t penetrate skin

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13
Q

Fracture descriptions: comminuted

A

more than two fragments

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14
Q

Fracture descriptions: complicated

A

may damage nerves, vessels, or viscera

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15
Q

Fracture descriptions: corner

A

articular margin, small fragment

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16
Q

Fracture descriptions: Greenstick

A

incomplete fracture in children, concave side of bending bone intact, convex has ragged fx line.

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17
Q

Fracture descriptions: impaction

A

fragment telescoped into adjacent fragment

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18
Q

Fracture descriptions: incomplete

A

fracture line doesn’t traverse or penetrate entire bone

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19
Q

Fracture descriptions: insufficiency

A

stress fracture of a diseased bone, repeated application of normal load

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20
Q

Fracture descriptions: intrarticular

A

extends thru articular surface of joint, may be complicated by chondrolysis for intra-articular bone

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21
Q

Fracture descriptions: oblique

A

oblique to long axis of bone, but doesn’t spiral

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22
Q

Fracture descriptions: open

A

penetrates skin

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23
Q

Fracture descriptions: pathologic

A

occurs in bone weakened by disease

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24
Q

Fracture descriptions: pseudoarthorosis

A

articulation b/w bone fragments after non-union

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25
Q

Fracture descriptions: spiral

A

oblique and coils around long axis of bone

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26
Q

Fracture descriptions: stellate

A

occur in flat bone, radiates from central point

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27
Q

Fracture descriptions: torus

A

incomplete in long bone, seen in children, cortical bulge on concave side, common of distal radius

28
Q

Fracture descriptions: transverse

A

fx line is perpendicular to long axis, greater likely hood of underlying pathology

29
Q

Fracture descriptions: unstable

A

biomechanically unstable, tends to displace once reduced non surgically and immobilized

30
Q

Salter harris type 1

A

thru epipyhsis, physis is widened imperceptible on radiograph

31
Q

Salter harris type 2

A

transverse fx thru the physis and a small portion of the metaphysis, seperated metaphysis called “thurston-holland fragment”, very rare to have growth disturbance

32
Q

Salter harris type 3

A

transverse fx thru a portion of physis and a portion of epiphysis. Extends into joint space.

33
Q

Salter harris type 4

A

oblique or spiral fx thru the metaphysis, physis and apiphysis. Possible joint destruction. May cause deformity

34
Q

Salter harris type 5

A

reduction of physis.

35
Q

Most common fx during birth

A

clavicle

36
Q

Most common clavicle fx sites

A

80% middle, 15% lateral

37
Q

Non-union of clavicle fx may cause…

A

hypertrophic callus that impinges neurovascular bundle

38
Q

clavicle fx managed via

A

immobilzation of a figure eight brace

39
Q

Fx of proximal humerus occur…

A

surgical neck

40
Q

Proximal humerus fx commonly

A

FOOSH (common w/ osteoporosis)

41
Q

Proximal humerus considered displaced if…

A

angulation exceeds 45 degrees or fracture is displaced more than one cm

42
Q

Neer Classification: 1

A

Head of humerus

43
Q

Neer Classification: 2

A

Greater Tubercle humerus

44
Q

Neer Classification: 3

A

Lesser Tubercle humerus

45
Q

Neer Classification: 4

A

Surgical neck humerus

46
Q

Scapula fracture (common/uncommon). Mechanism of injury

A

uncommon

direct impact

47
Q

Scapula classification: 1

A

Glenoid fossa

48
Q

Scapula classification: 2

A

glenoid fossa to lateral border

49
Q

Scapula classification: 3

A

glenoid fossa to superior border

50
Q

Scapula classification: 4

A

glenoid fossa to medial border

51
Q

Bankart lesion

A

avulsion of the inferior rim, related to anterior humerus dislocation

52
Q

A/C joint dislocation often a result of…

A

a fall onto the lateral margin of the shoulder

53
Q

A/C joint dislocation grade 1

A

ligamentous sprain, no radiographic evidence

54
Q

A/C joint dislocation grade 2

A

joint widening;

55
Q

A/C joint dislocation grade 3

A

> 25-100% displacement- coracoclavicular ligament

56
Q

A/C joint dislocation grade 4

A

complete dislocation

57
Q

A/C joint dislocation grade 5

A

total dislocation with marked SUPERIOR displacement

58
Q

A/C joint dislocation grade 6

A

total dislocation with marked INFERIOR displacement

59
Q

Glenohumeral dislocation… 95% directed

A

anteriorly

60
Q

glenohumeral dislocation… 60% are

A

impaction fx of the posterolateral surface of humeral head

61
Q

Glenohumeral dislocation… 15% with

A

avulsion of greater tuberostiy

62
Q

MC Glenohumeral dislocation

A

subcoracoid

63
Q

Sternoclavicular joint dislocation typically dislocates…

A

anterior from a blow to the posterior shoulder

64
Q

Sternoclavicular joint dislocation… direct posterior blow will

A

dislocate the medial end of the clavicle posteriorly

65
Q

Biceps tendon injury visualized by…

A

round, low signal intensity structure w/in the intertubercular groove on axial MRI

Dx Imaging 2 (1 decks)

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