Looking Inside Cells Flashcards
- Cell Membrane
a thin, flexible barrier that surrounds a cell and controls which substances pass into and out of a cell.
- Cell wall
a rigid supporting layer that surrounds the cells of plants and some other organisms.
- Nucleus
A large oval organelle that contains the cell’s genetic material in the form of DNA and controls many of the cell’s activities.
- Organelle
A tiny cell structure that carries out a
specific function within the cell
- Nuclear Envelope
A membrane that surrounds the
nucleus and controls which materials pass into and
out of the nucleus.
- Nucleus
A small, round structure in the nucleus that
produces ribosomes.
- Ribosomes
small, grain-shaped organelles in the
cytoplasm of a cell that produce proteins.
- Cytoplasm
A thick, clear, gel-like fluid that fills the
region between the cell membrane and the nucleus.
It moves constantly and supports and protects the
organelles.
- mitochondria
rod-shaped organelles that convert energy
in food molecules to energy the cell can use to carry out
its functions
- endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
An organelle that forms a
maze of passageways in which proteins and other
materials are carried from one part of the cell to
another.
- Golgi apparatus
An organelle in a cell that receives
proteins and other newly formed materials from the ER,
packages them, and distributes them to other parts of the
cell.
- Vacuole
A saclike organelle that stores water, food,
and other materials.
- Chloroplasts
An organelle in the cells of plants and
some other organisms that captures energy from sunlight
and changes it to an energy form that cells can use in
making food.
- Lysosome
A saclike organelle found only in animal cells
which contains substances that break down large food
particles into smaller ones. It also breaks down old cell
parts and releases these substances so the cell can use
them again.
