LOOKING AT LANGUAGE IN USE

Question 1

WHAT IS A TEXT? (1)

Answer 1

an instance of language use that has 
a) textual and pragmatical function
b) ideational function
c) interpersonal function
can be verbal, non-verbal, written or spoken, multimodal, can have different length

Question 2

ANALYSING THE INTERACTION AND THE SOCIAL CONTEXT

Answer 2

Fairclough, 1989:
interaction: genre, producer and distributor, recipients
social context: institutional context, situational context

Question 3

GOALS AND FUNCTIONS

Answer 3

discourse goals: the overall aim or agenda that the discourse produced pursues by using language as a social practice;
discourse functions: the means, as effect of language use, by which discourse goals are realised;
discourse features: the means to realise discourse functions
linguistic and conversational devices: the concrete forms that discourse features take

Question 4

LINGUISTICS FEATURES

Answer 4

lexis, turn taking, implicature, clause structure, modality, intertextuality

Question 5

THREE WAYS OF LOOKING AT DISCOURSE

Answer 5

formal approach, functional approach, social approach

Question 6

FORMAL APPROACH

Answer 6

language above the level of the clause or sentence. trying to understand the kind of rules and conventions that govern the ways in which we join clauses and sentences together to make texts

Question 7

FUNCTIONAL APPROACH

Answer 7

language in use. how people use language to do things and how we interpret what other people are trying to do when they speak/write

Question 8

SOCIAL APPROACH

Answer 8

discourse is a kind of social practice. the way we use language is tied up with the way we construct different social identities and relationships to participate in different kinds of groups and institutions