Longitudinal Design - Developmental Trajectories

Question 1

Hosch et al. - Aims

Answer 1

Examine children’s self-regulation (thoughts and behaviour) from 3-7 years.
Does self-regulation predicts school and externalising outcomes?

Question 2

Hosch et al. - Heterotypic continuity?

Answer 2

Individual differences in emotional regulation appear stable over time, it’s behavioural manifestations change.

Question 3

Hosch et al. - Methods

Answer 3

Due to heterotypic continuity, have to use different measures over time to measure the same thing - construct validity (measures mean different things over time w/ heterotypic continuity) - 17 measures overall
Used accelerated longitudinal study - 4 cohorts measured at 4 time points each, until the youngest arrived at age of oldest group at the beginning
– at each time point, children completed a series of tasks
– parents/teachers/secondary caregivers all contributed to self-reports on children
Used developmental scaling across ages to link scores using different methods - allow to make meaningful comparisons and find a trajectory across all ages

Question 4

Hosch et al. - Limitations

Answer 4

Assumed that all measures and constructs are highly correlated - did not test for this
Accelerated design - lets you study lots more age-range with fewer total ppts BUT there may be various confounds and different individual diffs. in different cohort which could impact how comparable they are

Question 5

Hendry et al. - Aims

Answer 5

Assess new tasks to broaden amount of inhibition control tasks available to researchers.
Longitudinal stability of inhibitory control.

Question 6

Hendry et al. - Methods

Answer 6

High drop out rate
3 types of inhibitory control
– for each type, used one typical task and one new task
10 and 16 months in fixed order - order effects??
Multiple linear regression model - correlational comparison

Question 7

Hendry et al. - Limitations

Answer 7

Only used two time points - limited in the shape of trajectory

Question 8

Hunt et al. - Aims

Answer 8

How inhibitory control develops across childhood, in males with fragile X syndrome

Question 9

Hunt et al. - Methods

Answer 9

2 sample groups
Assessed between 16 and 71 months
High amount of observations
Used parent report questionnaires and observational interview
– researchers did observational (reliable)

Question 10

Hunt et al. - Limitations

Answer 10

Measured inhibitory control as a general construct when it actually has lots of different components and aspects that relate to different outcomes – missed data - validity
Parent self-report only - may be biased esp. in neuro-divergent groups