Long Test 1: The Traditional Music of Africa Flashcards
It is a term used to describe the fusion of West African with Black American Music
Afrobeat
A musical gente from Nigeria in the Yoruba tribal style to wake up the worshippers after fasting during the Muslim holy feast of Ramadan
Apala (Akpala)
It is a popular musical genre from Salvador, Bahia and Brazil. It fuses the Afro-Caribbean styles of marcha, reggae and calypso
Axe
A hard and fast percussive Zimbabwean dance music played on drums with guitar accompaniment influenced by mbira-based guitar styles
Jit
A popular form of South American music featuring a lively abd uninhibited variarion of the jitterbug, a form of swing dance
Jive
A popular music style from Nigera that relies on the traditional Yoruba rhythms. A drum kit, keyboard, pedal steel guitar, and accordion are used along with the traditional dun-dun (talking frum or squeeze drum)
Juju
Kwassa-Kwassa
A music style that begun in Zaire in the late 1980s popularized by Kanda Bongo Man. In this dance style, the moves move back and forth while the arms move following the hips
A South African three-chord township music of the late 1930s-1960s which evolved into African Jazz. It is characterized by simple chords in varying vamping patterns and repetitive harmony over an extended period of time
Marabi
Mainly functional in nature which is used
primarily in ceremonial rites, such as birth, death, marriage, succession, worship,
and spirit invocations. Others are work related or social in nature, while many
traditional societies view their music as a form of entertainment.
African Traditional Music
It is the combination of strong rhythms of African percussion
instruments and Portuguese melodies. This form of music is being paraded along
the streets by up to 100 participants.
Maracatu
It is one of the most widely performed musical forms of the late 19th
century. The melodies of ____ are expressive and soulful. The slaves and their
descendants used to sing these as they work in the fields
Blues
It is a popular music genre of the 1950s and 1960s which originated in
the African-American community throughout the United States. It combines
elements of African-American gospel music, rhythm and blues, and often jazz.
Soul
It originated in the Unites States and created by African-American
slaves. It is also known as “Negro Spiritual”. It became a means of imparting
Christian values and a way of venting their hardships as slaves.
Spiritual
It is likened to a question and answer sequence in human
communication. The slaves used to sing these songs while simultaneously doing
all their tasks in a day.
Call and Response
It is a single bell or multiple bells and is considered as the
oldest samba instrument based on West African Yoruba single or double
bells. It has the highest pitch of any of the bateria instruments.
Agogo
It is a type of gourd and shell megaphone from West Africa,
consisting of a dried gourd with beads woven into a net covering the
gourd.
Shekere
It is a hollow percussion instrument. Although
known as a drum, it is not a true drum but is an idiophone. It is usually
carved or constructed from bamboo or wood into a box with one or more
slits in the top
Slit/Log Drum
It is a hollowed cylinder of wood with a
narrow longitudinal opening or slit whose edges are struck to produce
a deep, sonorous tone. They are considered to be portraits of ancestors
so that when played, it is the voices of awakened ancestors which
resonate from their interior chamber.
Atingting Kon (Slit Gong)
It is a kind of wooden xylophone or percussion idiophone
which plays melodic tunes. It has been played in the region since the
1300s. In the 16th century, it became a real art at the royal court of
Sikasso/ Mali and was flourishing under the reign of a generous king.
Balafon
Sound is produced by the body of the instrument vibrating.
Idiophones
Sound is produced by the vibration of a tightly stretched
membrane
Membranophones
It refers to African music using their bodies as
instruments. Their body can be used to produce sound by clapping their
hands, slapping their thighs, pounding their upper arms or chests, or
shuffling their feet. Wearing of rattles or bells on their wrists, ankles,
arms, and waists enhances their emotional response.
Body Percussion
It is used to send messages to announce births,
deaths, marriages, sporting events, dances, initiations or war. It is
believed that the drums can carry direct messages to the spirits after
the death of a loved one
Talking Drum
The West African _______ (pronounced zhem-bay) is one of
the best-known African drums. It is shaped like a large goblet and
played with bare hands. The body is carved from a hollowed trunk and
is covered with goat skin.
Djembe
Sound is produced by the vibration of tongues of metal, wood
or other materials
Lamellaphone