Long Term Control Of Blood Pressure Flashcards
What is sensed in the control of ECF volume?
Effective Circulating Volume (ECV)
What sensors are used to control of ECf volume?
Carotid sinus, aortic arch, renal afferent arteriole, atria
Hormonal Transducers used in control of ECF volume?
- Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS)
- Sympathetic Nervous System
- Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP)
- Arginine Vasopressin (AVP)
Effectors of Control of ECF Volume - Long term? Short term?
Long term - Kidney
Short term - Heart and blood vessels
What is affected in control of ECF volume - short term? long term?
Short term - blood pressure
Long term - Na+ excretion
Main osmotic constituent of the ECF?
Na+
What is sensed in control of ECF osmolality?
Plasma osmolality
What sensors help control ECF osmolality?
Hypothalamic Osmoreceptors
Hormonal Transducers which help control of ECF osmolality?
AVP and thirst
Effectors which help control of ECF osmolality?
Kidney and Brain (drinking behaviour)
What is affected by effectors of ECF osmolality?
Renal H2O excretion and H2O intake.
What is affected by effectors of ECF osmolality?
Renal H2O excretion and H2O intake.
What is affected by effectors of ECF osmolality?
Renal H2O excretion and H2O intake.
Effecting Circulating Volume (ECV)
- Critical parameter for regulating Na+ excretion is the effective circulation volume.
- Can be distorted in disease - no longer parallel to ECF volume, ECF increased but ECV is low (which increases Na+ retention) - Congestive Heart Failure, Nephrotic Syndrome and Liver Cirrhosis.
Volume Expansion
When Na+ intake persists in the face of impaired Na+ excretion. Body retains isosmotic fluid. Expansion of plasma fluid volume and of the interstitial fluid compartment. When severe, interstitial volume increase so severe that subepidermal tissues swell (e.g. ankles) - pitting oedema.