Long Term Conditions Flashcards
what is diabetes mellitus?
a syndrome caused by a lack of, or low effectiveness of endogenous insulin
how does diabetes present at a GP practice?
- weight loss
- polydipsia, polyuria
- lethargy, irritability, skin infections
- tingling in hands and feet
how do you diagnose diabetes?
- random plasma glucose >11.1mmol/L
- fasting plasma glucose >7.0mmol/L
- HbA1c >6.5%
what are the aims of diabetic care in GP?
- alleviation of symptoms
- minimisation of complications
- improve quality of life
how often are diabetic patients reviewed?
every 6 months
what is normally included in a diabetic patient review?
- lifestyle
- medication adherence
- foot care
- blood glucose, lipid, and BP monitoring
- depression screening
- immunisations if needed
- review of any complications
what is the target blood glucose for a diabetic?
4-7mmol/L fasting in adults
what is the target HbA1c for a diabetic?
6.5-7.5%
what is first line treatment for T2DM?
metformin 500mg-1g BD
what other drugs can be added to the treatment of T2DM?
- sulfonylureas: gliclazide
- DPP4-i: sitagliptin
- SGLT2-i
what is a typical insulin regime for diabetics?
basal-bolus insulin regime
why is it important to rotate injection sites for insulin administration?
as using the same site can lead to fat hypertrophy or scarring
