Long term conditions Flashcards
What is the role of person centred care?
- Only the patient is in a position to make a decision on what this means to them.
- Care can be said to be patient-centered if it is based on the principles and values that define patient-centeredness.
What are the 5 principles of patient centred care?
- Respect.
- Choice and empowerment.
- Patient involvement in health policy.
- Access and support.
- Information.
In which people groups are long term conditions more prevalent?
more prevalent in older people and in more deprived groups
What is the importance of consequences and causes of long term conditions?
As long term conditions are so prevalent it is sometimes more important to address the consequences rather than causes.
Incidence?
Prevalence?
Incidence – the number of new cases of a disease in a population in a specified period of time
Prevalence – the number of people in a population with a specific disease at a single point in time or in a defined period of time (existing cases)
What is the definition of vulnerability?
An individuals reduced capacity to resist disease, repair damage and restore physiological homeostasis can be deemed vulnerability
What is biographical disruption?
A long term condition leads to a loss of confidence in the body.
There is then a loss of confidence in social interaction or self-identity, this process is termed
What are some impacts of long term conditions?
On the individual – can be negative or positive. Can include denial, self pity and apathy.
On Family – can be financial, emotional and physical
Other family members may become ill as a result.
Community/society. Isolation of an individual may result.
What is the ”expert patient”?
“my patient understands their disease better than I do.”
This knowledge and experience held by the patient has for too long been an untapped resource. It is something that could greatly benefit the quality of patients’ care and ultimately their quality of life, but which has been largely ignored in the past.
What are the WHO and Legal definitions of disability?
Legal : Disability Discrimination Act - difficulty can be physical, sensory or mental. A disability that makes it difficult for them to carry out normal day to day activities, ongoing for more than 12 months.
WHO : ICIDH – International classification of Impairments, Disability and Handicap. Updated with ICF. Removes the terms disability and handicap.
Medical causes for disability?
Social causes for disability?
- Medical
- Individual/personal cause e.g. accident whilst drunk
- Underlying pathology e.g. morbid obesity
- Individual level intervention e.g. health professionals advise individually
- Individual change/adjustment e.g. change in behaviour
- Social
- Societal cause e.g. low wages
- Conditions relating to housing
- Social/Political action needed e.g. facilities for disabled
- Societal attitude change e.g. use of politically correct language.
What are our roles as Docs in disability?
- We assess disability.
- We co-ordinate the multi-disciplinary care team.
- We intervene in the form of rehabilitation.
What is the sick role?
The manner in which people internalise their symptoms and allow illness to interfere with their life routines based on illness perception.
What are different worldwide causes of disability?
- Congenital
- Injury
- Communicable Disease
- Non-Communicable Disease
- Alcohol
- Drugs-iatrogenic effect and/or illicit use
- Mental Illness
- Malnutrition
- Obesity
How is disability changing in the UK?
In the UK the prevalence and severity of disability rise with age.
One third of those with a disability are in employment.
