long responses Flashcards
tell me all the operators
arithmetic,relational,logical,assignment,increment and decrement, bitwise,conditinal,special
4 characteristics of a computer
speed, accuracy,automation, programmabilty
What is Data Type?
A data type isa classification of data which tells the compiler or interpreter how the programmer intends to use the data
Explain various data types available in C.
int ,char, float, double, void, Arrays, Pointers, Structures, Unions
What are Variables?
A variable in C is a named memory location used to store data that can be modified during the program’s execution. Variables provide a way to label and work with data in a program.
What is a Flowchart?
A flowchart is a graphical representation of a process or algorithm. It uses symbols to depict steps and their sequence in solving a problem, making it easier to visualize and understand the logic.
Oval/Ellipse
Represents the start or end of a process.
Rectangle
Represents a step or operation in the process.
Diamond
Represents a decision point in the process, typically a Yes/No question.
Parallelogram
Represents input (e.g., user input) or output (e.g., displaying a result).
Arrow
Indicates the flow or direction of the process.
What is an Array?
An array is a collection of data items, all of the same type, accessed using a common name.
What is Computer…?
A computer can be defined as a fast electronic calculating machine that accepts the (data) digitized input information process it as per the list of internally stored instructions and produces the resulting information.
A Computer has four main components. They are ?
Central Processing Unit
Memory Unit
Input devices
Output devices
What is ROM?
It stores data and instructions, even when the computer is turned off. It is the permanent memory of the computer where the contents cannot be modified by an end user.
What is RAM?
It contains all types of intermediate and temporary data to be used by the CPU.
Primary memory is faster in speed, less in size (normally a few megabytes) and costlier.
It consists of
ROM (Read Only Memory)
RAM (Random Access Memory)
The most common input devices are
Keyboard
Mouse
Scanner
Joy stick
Microphone
Optical Character Reader(OCR)
The most commonly used output devices are
Monitor
Printer
Speakers
Plotters
what is Programming?
is a creative process done by programmers to instruct a computer on how to do a task.
Why Programming Language?
A programming language is a formal constructed language designed to communicate instructions to a machine, particularly a computer.
what is Algorithm?
Algorithm is a finite sequence of instructions, each of which has a clear meaning and can be performed with a finite amount of effort in a finite length of time
The characteristics of a good algorithm are:
Precision
Uniqueness
Finiteness
Input
Output
Generality
What is a flow chart ?
is a Graphical representation of an Algorithm or a portion of an Algorithm.
tell the structure of c program
Documentation section
Link section
Definition section
Global declaration section
main () function section
Types of Constants
Integer Constants
Floating-point Constants
Character Constants
String Constants
Variables
It is used to store values in program.
Types of Variables
Local variable
Global variable
Static variable
what is data type?
A data type isa classification of data which tells the compiler or interpreter how the programmer intends to use the data.
C Tokens
C Tokens arethe smallest building block or smallest unit of a C program
Decision making statements
Decision making statements are:
if statement
if..else statements
else..if ladder
nested if statements
Switch Case statements
The switch statement in C is an alternate to if-else-if ladder statement which allows us to execute multiple operations for the different possible values of a single variable called switch variable
define loops
Loops are the technique to repeat set of statements until given condition is true
Concept of jump
There are 4 jump statements
Break
Continue
Goto
Return
what is an array?
Arrayis a data structure that holdfinite sequential collectionofhomogeneous data.
Define string
A sequence of characters that is treated as a single data item.
define a funnction
A function is ablock of statementsthat performs a specific task.
define Library Functions
are the functions which are declared in the C header files such as scanf(), printf(), sqrt(), pow(), strcat(), strlen() etc
HOW TO CALL C FUNCTIONS IN A PROGRAM?
Call by value: A copy of the variable is passed to the function.
Call by reference: An address of the variable is passed to the function.
define recusion
Recursion is the process which comes into existence when a function calls a copy of itself to work on a smaller problem.
