LONG QUIZ Flashcards by Samantha Jingco

established normative system of religious worship and practice as part of religious beliefs.

religious institution

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

belief system

collection of principles, values, and ideas, guides individuals in understanding life which shapes cultures , soc, personal identities.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

animism

invisible forces in nature dwelling in the p6cal world which could influence the living (kita)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

monotheism

revolves around a single supreme with no co-equal gods.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

judaism, christianity and islam are examples of what belief system?

monotheism

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

single supreme being, multi-personas or manifestatioms which are of the same level.

henotheism

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

this revolves around family or hierarchy of gods and goddesses.

polytheism

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

roman and greek pagan religions are under what type of belief system?

polytheism

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what are the three pagan beliefs, feasts and practices?

saturnalia
christmas tree
lupercalia

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

this is A Christian
adaptation overshadowing the pagan reverence for the fir tree, which stayed green through winter.

christmas tree

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Christmas season
substituted the Roman festival Saturnalia ,later moved to Dec 25 to coincide with the winter solstice and honor
the Roman god Saturn

saturnalia

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

later associated with Saint Valentine, patron saint of love.

lupercalia

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Refers to divine
revelations written as instructed by
the divine or through divine
inspiration.

sacred scriptures

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Philosophy and Theology

Truth
discovered in the light of natural
reason to the extent of the rational
man.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Oral narratives from
those who witnessed a spiritual
leader’s life and teachings.

tradition

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

spiritual encounter

An individual’s
encounter with the divine, often
perceived as a calling for a mission
or vocation.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what are the 5 contradictions to religious norms and unbecoming conduct?

apostasy
blasphemy
sacrilege
heresy
haram

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

An example of this contradiction to religious norms-Martin Luther, a
Catholic German monk and
theologian, initiated the
Protestant Reformation by
questioning payments for the
remission of sins, asserting
that forgiveness could only
come through God’s grace
and sincere repentance.

apostasy

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Islamic term equivalent to
taboo, indicating something strictly
forbidden.

Haram

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Teachings regarded as
false, lies, deceiving, and corrupted,
contrary to faith.

Heresy

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

2 structural elements of region. explain.

dogmas - established beliefs.
doctrines - official religious teachings (salvation, trinity)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

difference of dogmas and doctrines

dogmas- non negotiable, no doubt should be given

doctrines- broader range of teachings that varies depending on the interpretation.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

4 classification of religious institutions

the church
denomination
sect
cult

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what is max weber’s view about sect?

voluntary associations of
ethically qualified individuals,
with leadership by
appointment or election.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Groups with fanatical followings centered on a charismatic leader, emphasizing rituals over strict dogmas.

cult

what does the Philippine Constitution (Article II, Section 6) state?

The state cannot dictate religious beliefs/practices, nor can religion dictate government policy or laws

Ensures state neutrality in religious affairs, preventing a state-endorsed religion and protecting freedom of practice.

Philippine Constitution ( Article II, Section 6)

what are the symbols and places of worship of the 5 religions?

Christianity- cross, church Islam- Crescent and star, mosque Hinduism- Om, temple Buddhism- Dharma Wheel, shrine or temple Judaism- Star of david, synagogue

Refers to the established normative system of acquiring and exercising power through political processes and activities

Political Institution/Politics:

what is the defenition of power?

The ability to influence and control the actions and behavior of others. ps. this needs to be acquired from sources.

what is the legitimacy rule?

Derived and confirmed from the consensus of people, such as through elections and patronage.

This is the rightful assumption to command obedience and direct actions through established superiority or ascendancy.

Authority

The ways and means of producing and manipulating desired outcomes, possibly involving leadership traits, skills, and resources.

Influence

The inherent power of the state to regulate individual rights and freedoms for public safety, morals, health, and convenience

Police Power

2 scope of police power

Salus Populi Est Suprema Lex" (the welfare of the people is the highest law) "Sec Utere Tuo Ut Alienum Non Laedas" (act in such a way that you do not hurt anybody).

the welfare of the people is the highest law

"Salus Populi Est Suprema Lex

(act in such a way that you do not hurt anybody).

"Sec Utere Tuo Ut Alienum Non Laedas

Power of Eminent Domain

-- Scope: Allows government acquisition of private property for public purposes. -- Just Compensation: The fair market value, defined as the price a willing buyer would pay a willing seller.

The state’s inherent power to impose taxes for the support of the state and public use.

Power of Taxation

what are the three inherent powers of the state

1. police power 2. power of eminent domain 4. power of taxation

three types of authority

1. traditional authority- 2. charismatic authority 3. rational-legal authority

Based on established customs and practices, often inherited.

Traditional Authority

: Based on a leader’s personal qualities and appeal.

Charismatic Authority:

Based on laws, rules, and formal systems (e.g., constitutions or elections).

Rational-Legal Authority:

4 functions of the state in politics?

1. protection of life and property 2. safeguarding interests and rights 3. provision of public goods and services 4. maintaining social order and stability

Aspects of Maintaining Social Order

1. creating formal norms 2. applying sanctions 3. settling disputes

types of laws

1. constitution law 2. statutory laws 3. common laws

state the three constitutions under constitutional law

1935 constitution (influenced by the united states) 1973 constitution (from presidential to parliamentary system) 1987 constitution (safeguarding human rights)

this institution is influenced in the commonwealth era

1935

1973 constitution

presidential to parliamentary system

This constitution restored the democratic institutions

1987

this law is enacted by legislative bodies

statutory laws

state the three examples of statutory laws

RA no. 7610 RA no. 9262 RA no. 8371

RA no. 7610 sprotects?

children from abuse and exploitation

RA no. 7610 ?

penalized violence against women and children

How about RA no. 8371?

this recognizes and protects indigenous people's rights

Unwritten laws developed through judicial decisions.

common laws

5 social functions of political institution

1. promotion and protection of common interest 2. maintenance of peace and order 3. regulation of rights and freedoms 4. provision of social services 5. dispensation of justice

sige, isa pa daw bi

1. promotion and protection of common interest 2. maintenance of peace and order 3. regulation of rights and freedoms 4. provision of social services 5. dispensation of justice

give the 4 according to of the government

1. according to establishment 2. according to rested sovereignty 3. according to power concentration 4. according to power relations

2 forms of government according to ESTABLISHMENT

1. de jure - under legal provisions 2. de facto - established without legal basis

forms of government according to rested sovereignty

1. dictatorship 2. monarchy 3. oligarchy 4. democracy

Rule by elite or privileged few.

Oligarchy

a type of democracy that shows Direct participation by the population

Direct Democracy

a type of democracy that shows Indirect participation through elected representatives (Republic).

Representative democracy

2 forms of government under power concentration

1. unitary (centralized) 2. federal (exclusive local powers)

forms of government according to power relations

1. presidential (president holds power) 2. parliamentary (head of the government elected by the legislature)

what are the differences between parliamentary and presidential?

1. presidential - elected by the people parliamentary - elected by legislature (prime minister) 2. presidential- removed through impeachment parliamentary- dismissed by a vote of no confidence 3. presidential - separates executive, legislative and judicial branches parliamentary - merges executive, and legislative powers.

EXPLAIN "THE PHILIPPINES IS A DEMOCRATIC AND REPUBLICAN STATE"

Sovereignty resides in the people state renounces war as an instrument of national policy, adopts international law as part of its law, and adheres to peace, equality, justice, freedom, cooperation, and amity with all nations.