Long Answer

Question 1

Primates and their characteristics- digits

Answer 1

Increasing mobility 
Increasing ability to move digits independently
First digit is opposable 
First digit increases in length 
Claws give way to nails

Question 2

Why are unique species found on remote islands compared to islands found closer to the mainland

Answer 2

Isolation is caused by parts of the population being cut off from other parts of the population so gene flow is reduced. The barrier to gene flow introduces new variations into the population, altering the frequency of genes.

Question 3

Explain importance of PCR, bacterial enzymes and gel electrophoresis

Answer 3

These can be used to amplify minute quantities of DNA from crime scenes and ancient remains. It is also used to sequence the genes in a genome; to see how closely related species are, identifying genes for use in gene therapy.

Question 4

Biochemical evidence that supports the understanding that collection of species share a common ancestor

Answer 4

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Question 5

Anatomical evidence that supports the understanding of sharing common ancestor

Answer 5

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Question 6

Name 2 curves that are found in the S-shaped spine and state how they contribute to an upright stance

Answer 6

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Question 7

Primates and their characteristics

Answer 7

Non-specialised body
Unspecialised limbs
Pentadactyl- five fingers and toes
Nails instead of claws
Grasping fingers and toes with friction ridges for gripping
First digit opposable
Forward facing eyes for three dimensional vision- Stereoscopic
Most are able to distinguish colour
Sense of smell is very poor
Four incisors and both the upper and lower jaw
Large and complex brain
Reproduction is not restricted to a breeding season
Rhythmical sexual cycle
Usually one offspring at a time
Long period of parental care for offspring