London

Question 1

Why was London targeted during the Blitz?

Answer 1

1. Britain had the most important port - depended on internal shipping for food and for military supplies.
2. Densely populated area therefore would cause a lot of civilian deaths - in 1939 it had 8.6 million people.
3. London was the capital city of Great Britain. It had the centre of government and major destruction could occur. All slowing down the war effort.

Question 2

Facts about evacuation

Answer 2

1st September 1939 evacuation began.

1.5 million people evacuated in just two days.

Question 3

Facts about gas masks

Answer 3

Handed out for free but had to pay £5 if they lost theirs.

4th September 1939, 70% of people carried gas masks.

government made an order to issue out gas masks on the 26th September 1938.

Question 4

Anderson Shelter (outside shelter)

Answer 4

Designed for 6 people.

Free to people who earned less than £250 per year. If not it was £7

First built in 1939. `

Question 5

Morrison Shelter

Answer 5

Free to anyone who earned less than £350 per year, brought for £7.

Over 500,000 Morrison shelters made.

Question 6

Propaganda

Answer 6

• Keep up civilian morale.
• Keep up the war effort.
• win support of other countries.
• Over 200,000 posters made.

Question 7

V1 Attacks

Answer 7

First attack was in June 1944.

Doesn’t rigger alarms because they fly so low.

After 2 weeks 200,000+ houses destroyed and 1,600 people died.

Question 8

V2 Attacks

Answer 8

First ballistic missile

First attack was on the 8th September 1944.

In September 1944 over 300 V2’s launched.

Question 9

Black Saturday (7th September 1940)

Answer 9

Germany started bombing civilian targets (cities, imports and industrial areas)

Over 9 hours

Over 650 people were killed, over 130 children died

Civilians would go in Anderson Shelters.

Question 10

homelessness

Answer 10

After 2 weeks 200,000+ houses destroyed just from the V1 Attacks.

First six weeks 250,000 Londoners lost their homes.