Loire: Anjour Samur and Touraine Flashcards
A-S and Touraine: Climate
- A-S is more maritime than Touraine which is continental with cold winters and warm summers
- 700 mm rainfall on average
- Regular summer rain increases disease pressure
- well exposed sites are important for riepness
- wide range of soils : clay-limestone ,sand ,gravel, tuff,
- Anjou- schist and limstone
- Touraine - chalk
- high lime in soils means rootstocks Fercal and Riparia Gloire de Montpellier are used
A-S and Touraine: Chenin Blanc
- Buds early, prone to spring frost
- vigorous variety. Prone to botyrtis and powdery mildew
- ripens late , prone to autumn rains
- ripens unevenly , many passes must be made so machines are rarely used
- esp. when looking for botrytis affected grapes for dessert wine
- all styles are made: sparkling, dry, off dry and sweet
- Dry and off dry wines exhibit medium aromas of green apple and lemon, medium abv, high acid, some RS . Good to very good with some outstanding Domain Huet
A-S and Touraine: Cabernet Franc
- early budding, prone to spring frost
- prone to colooure
- Mid-ripening and picked before the rains
- underripe tastes are leafy and green
- warmer summers and better canopy management are helping with the over herbaceuos
- Winter hardy
Med - pronounced red currant, raspberry, violet, and leafy
Light to medium body and medium tannins , high acidity
can be used in Rose blends
A-S and Touraine: Other grapes
- Grolleau Noir - early budding and mid ripening . prone to bunch rot . used in rose d’Anjou and Rose de Loire
- Gamay Noir - made by carb mac . Mostly grown in Touraine
- Cab Sauv - late ripening performs bes in temperate Anjou and in the warmest sites. used in blends of rose and with Cab Franc
A-S and Touraine : Winemaking
Chenin: fermented at cool-mid temps . Ferment can last several months . Large old oak and ss tanks are used . MLFC is avoided and wines are aged in neutral containers not new barriques to retain primary aromas
Cabernet Franc is typically crushed , femented in concrete or old wood vats for punch downs and pump overs . many use ambient yeats and typical to use different sizes . More expensive wines are aged in a portion of new oak
**Rose ** usually direct press with some short macertaion. Short agein in neutral containers for 3-4 months
Loire: Anjou AOC
- Max yield is 60hc/hl for red and whites.
- Anjou blanc must have a min. 80% Chenin
- Anjou Rouge min. 70% Cab Franc /or Cab Sauv
- higher qulaity are designated as Anjou Village , moslty Cab Franc and Max yield is 55hl/hc . Wines can only be released in September a year after harvest
- Many use Vin de France on the label
Loire: Coteaux de Lyon AOC
- large appellation on the slopes of the Layon river which feeds into the Loire
- Wines are botryitis affected Chenin .
- or dried on the vine
- Luscious sweet wines with high acidity
- Cotes de Lyon + village name means the grapes are hand picked , many passes through the vineyard . Wines are pronounced cooked citrus ,apple, and honey ,sweet, medium plus body , medium abv and high acidity
- good to very good
Coteaux de Lyon: Regulations
**Coteaux de Lyon **max yield : 35 hl/hc , MAx abv 14%
Coteaux de Lyon AOC +named village : Max 30 hl/hc and Max abv 15 %
**Bonnezeaux AOC **: Max yiled 25hl/hc and Max Abv 15%
Coteaux de Lyon AOC Premier Cru Chaume : MAxe 25hl/hc and Max abv 16.5%
Quarts de Chaume Grand Cru AOC : Max 20hl/hc and Max abv 18%
Loire: Savennieres AOC
- small but prestigious area that produces dry Chenin Blanc
- South facing slopes and low fertile rocky shist soils provide low vigour and high concenatration
- very austere in youth and need years in bottle to be approachable
- warmer weather makes fruitier wines
- Max yield is 50hl/hc . Some use new oak barrels to create premium cuvees
Two smaller AOCS : Savennieres La Roche aux Moines and Coulee de Serrant are very low 30hl/hc yielding and mostly owned by biodynamic famers eg. Nicolas Joly
Loire: Rose de Loire, Rose d’Anjou and Cabernet d’Anjou
- Rose de Loire can only be made from Cab Franc, Cab Sauv, Gamay and Grolleau Noir
- **Max yield is 60hl/hc and this wines are dry **
- Rose d’Anjou is made from Grolleau . Max yield is 65hl/hc . Lower intensity. Pink-orange in colur with medium intensity red berry fruit , medium acid, and medium abv . **Medium dry **. popular and best selling out the AOCS for rose
- Cabernet d’Anjou is made from Cab Franc and Cab Sauv. Max yield is 60hl/hc . Deeper in colour and medium pink, medium dry
Loire: Saumur AOC
Low intensity
- white, red and rose are made and sparkling wines
- Whites are Chenin, reds are Cab Franc and Rose are Cab Franc and Sauv.
- Max yields are high at 60hl/hc fopr whites and 57hl/hc for reds and rose .
Loire: Coteaux de Saumur AOC
- sweet Chenin with over ripe grapes , botryitis is common .
- Max yield is 35hl/hc .
- Sweet balanced by high acid
Loire: Saumur- Champigny AOC
- Cabernet Franc must be 85 % of the red
- pale ruby and medium redcurrant sometimes with leafy aromas, med abv, med tannin and high acid
Soils are chalk, flint and clay goopd for drainage and holding potential
**Max yield is 57hl/hc = low intenstiy **
Intended to be drunk young . Success in bars and bistors in Paris .
Good to very good . Premium from Clos Rougeard
Loire : Touraine AOC
- Sparklng, red, rose and white .
- White is Sauvignon Blanc
- Red is Cab FRanc and Cot ( Malbec)
- Rose from Caberents , Cot, Gamay and Grolleau
- May add =name of the subsone eg. Touraine AOC Amboise ( made with Chenin ) … also Max 55hl/hc
*
Loire: Vouvray AOC
- Most important white wine appellation . Must be 95% Chenin **
- **Max 52hl/hc **
- sloped overlooking the Loire provide sunlight and moderation temperatures
- soils are flinty and clay and limestone with tuff , good drainage
- Dry vouvray is most common
- not always marked as sweet or dry
