Logical Fallacies/ Appeals Flashcards
Accident (sweeping generalization)
Misapplying a principle inappropriately
Accent
Hype the positive and ignore the negative
Ad Baculum
Appeal to force/power
“If you don’t agree, you don’t matter”
Ad hominem
Attacking the person
Ad ignorantiam
An appeal to ignorance to prove something
“No one I know…”
Ad populum
Appealing to the alleged popularity of an idea as proof that it is right
Ad vericundiam
Appealing to an Irrelevant or indemnified authority
Affirming the consequent
If A, then B; therefore A
“ if I’m I’m Killeen, I’m in Texas; I’m in Texas therefore I’m in Killeen
Bandwagon
Copycat behavior (go with the crowd)
Begging the question
Trying to presume you’ve answered a question without answering it
Complex question
Try to take a complex issue and present it as simple
“The only reason…”
Composition
Traits of part of something represent all of it
Denying the antecedent
If A then B, therefore A is not B
Equivocation
Using 2 or more possible meanings if a word to mislead
False dilemma
If you care about this, you won’t do that
Hast generalization
Because some feel this way, all must feel this way
Post Hoc ergo propter hoc
False cause and effect
Red herring
Throwing a false irrelevant argument into your argument
Slippery slope
If we do this, something terrible, awful will happen
Straw man
Attributing false beliefs to your opponent to make it easy to defeat them
