Logical Fallacies

Question 1

Red Herring

Answer 1

Diversion off topic to avoid dealing with the topic. Speaker skips to a new & irrelevant topic.

Question 2

Ad Hominem

Answer 2

(A type of red herring) Attacking the person rather than his/her point. Diverting the argument to the speaker or others.

Question 3

Faulty Analogies

Answer 3

Irrelevant or inconsequential similarities between 2 things. Often used to add drama.

Question 4

Hasty Generalization

Answer 4

Not enough evidence to support a conclusion. Often occurs because the evidence is just one personal experience or general reference to an experience. (RUSHED CONCLUSION)

Question 5

Circular Reasoning

Answer 5

Speaker repeats a claim as a way to give evidence.

Question 6

Post Hoc Ergo Propter Hoc=(aka Post Hoc)

Answer 6

Speaker argues that correlation is causation. Often there are multiple things that lead or cause an outcome.

Question 7

Straw Man

Answer 7

Poor evidence or oversimplified example used to ridicule.

Question 8

False Dilemma

Answer 8

(Also called either/or) Two extreme options are provided as the only choice. Often both options are extreme & inaccurate.

Question 9

Bandwagon

Answer 9

Evidence is boiled down to “everyone is doing it so it must be a good thing.” Often presented with statistics to prove the point & cover up fallacy.