Logic Reasoning

Question 1

Resolution / Resolve the Paradox

Answer 1

Most Powerful answer choice to make the paradox make sense

Question 2

False Dichotomy (False Dilemma)

Answer 2

Pretends there are only 2 options where there could be more

Ex: Mia went to the park and was on the swing set. She came home with a bruise so she must have fallen off the swing set

Question 3

Flaw - False Start

Answer 3

Assumes both groups are the same in every way except the one called out as a part of the study

Ex: Comparing a group of exercises to non exercises assuming the ones who exercise are healthier

Question 4

If the sufficient condition is absent

Answer 4

You ignore the conditional statement

Question 5

Overgeneralization

Answer 5

Takes something small and applies it to all

Ex: Pellegrino taste like adventure water when chilled so all water taste like adventure water

Question 6

Question Stem: The conclusion drawn above follows logically if which one of the following is assumed?

Answer 6

Sufficient Assumption

Question 7

Question Type: Main Conclusion / Main Point

Answer 7

The conclusion

Question 8

Question Type: Strength

Answer 8

Most powerful thing you can find to help the arguments conclusion

Question 9

Question Type: Weaken

Answer 9

The most powerful thing you can find to destroy the arguments conclusion

Question 10

“If” part of the conditional is called

Answer 10

the sufficient [condition]

Question 11

“Then” part of the conclusion is called

Answer 11

the necessary [condition]

Question 12

Conclusion Indications

Answer 12

Therefore
Thus
Accordingly
Consequently
It follows that
So

Question 13

Question Type: Counter

Answer 13

Most powerful answer choice the 1st speaker could say to destroy the second speakers argument

Question 14

If the sufficient condition is present …

Answer 14

the conditional statement must follow

Question 15

Premise Indications

Answer 15

Because
For
Since
As
Given That

Question 16

Question Type: Sufficient Assumption

Answer 16

Most powerful answer choice that proves the conclusion 100% true

Question 17

What does a necessary assumption do?

Answer 17

Has to be true, if the conclusion is true

Question 18

Most Strongly Supported

Answer 18

The answer choice you can prove is very very very likely to be true

Question 19

Bad Causal Reasoning

Answer 19

Concludes one thing causes the other

Question 20

Bad Conditional Reasoning

Answer 20

Read conditional premise backwards w/o negating or negates premise and reads forward

Ex: If i get on a plane I’m going to Spain. Everyone in Spain speaks Spanish. So if I get on a plane I speak Spanish
(plane -> Spain - > Spanish)

Question 21

Question Stem: Which one of the following can be properly inferred from the statement above

Answer 21

Inference / MBT

Question 22

What do premises do?

Answer 22

Support the conclusion

Question 23

What do conclusion do?

Answer 23

Rely on premise for support

Question 24

If the sufficient is present

Answer 24

Must have necessary condition

Question 25

If the necessary is absent

Answer 25

Can’t have sufficient

Question 26

Sufficient Indicators

Answer 26

If
When(ever)
Any(time)
All
Every(time)
In order to
People who
Each

Question 27

Necessary Indicators

Answer 27

Then
Must
Necessary
Required
Only (if)
Depends
Need (to)
Have to
Essential

Question 28

Conditional : If and Only If

Answer 28

Each term is both the condition and necessary condition

Question 29

Conditional: Unless

Answer 29

~ The way things always are -> Exception