Logic, Ethics Flashcards
Approbative Ethical Theories
The moral rightness of an act is based on some moral authority’s attitude of approval toward the acts
What is Ethics?
The study of moral values
The Divine Command Theory
An act is morally right because god approves of it.
Ethical Relativism
An act is morally right because the majority of one’s culture approves of the act
Normative Ethical Theories
Ethical theories that agree that moral values exist objectively, independent of people’s beliefs or attitudes
Consequentialism
The moral rightness of an act is based only on the moral goodness of its consequences.
Ethical Egoism
The object of every action ought to be the agent’s own good
Utilitarianism
The moral right act best promotes the common good.
Nonconsequentialism
The moral rightness of an act is not based only on the moral goodnss of its consequences
What is Logic?
The study of arguments
Argument
A set of statements such that one statement is said to follow from the other statements.
Conclusion
The statement that is said to follow from the other statements in an argument
Premise
The statements from which the conclusion is set to follow in an argument
Induction
An argument in which the truth of the premises make the conclusion more likely to be true
Deduction
An argument in which the truth of the premises guarantees the truth of the conclusion
