Logic

Question 1

is a declarative statement that can be evaluated either true or false but cannot be both

Answer 1

proposition

Question 2

A______ ___________ consists of one (1) declarative sentence or statement.

Answer 2

simple proposition

Question 3

A ________ __________consists of two (2) or more simple propositions joined together by _______ _________

Answer 3

compound proposition , logical operators

Question 4

combine two (2) or more simple propositions to form a new compound proposition

Answer 4

logical operators

Question 5

modify the meaning of a proposition.

Answer 5

logical operators

Question 6

Conjunction: Uses the word “and” to join together two (2) propositions

Answer 6

Conjunction

Question 7

Uses the word “or” to join together two (2) propositions

Answer 7

Disjunction

Question 8

Uses “if-then” to construct a new proposition from two (2) propositions

Answer 8

Implication

Question 9

In an ___________, the first proposition is called the premise while the second is called the ________.

Answer 9

implication , conclusion

Question 10

Uses “if and only if” or “is equivalent to” to construct a new proposition from two (2) propositions

Answer 10

Biconditional

Question 11

Precedes a proposition with the word “not”

Answer 11

Negation

Question 12

A _________ is a proposition that is always true under any circumstance

Answer 12

tautology

Question 13

a _____________ is always false under any circumstance

Answer 13

contradiction

Question 14

_____ __ _________ are rules that provide the way of drawing a correct conclusion from a given premise. With these rules are ___________ that draw correct conclusion from two (2) or more premises.

Answer 14

Rules of inference , syllogisms

Question 15

If 𝑄𝑄 is the consequence of 𝑃𝑃, and 𝑃𝑃 happens, then 𝑄𝑄 also happens. (This rule of inference is known as _____ ______.)

Answer 15

Modus Ponens

Question 16

If 𝑄𝑄 is the consequence of 𝑃𝑃, and 𝑄𝑄 did not happen, then 𝑃𝑃 does not happen. (This rule of inference is known as _____ _______.)

Answer 16

Modus Tollens

Question 17

The last two (2) arguments in which the conclusion absolutely follows from the given premises is called _________

Answer 17

syllogism

Question 18

A _______ is a kind of reasoning in which the conclusion does not necessarily or logically follow from the premise

Answer 18

fallacy

Question 19

The error of attributing to the whole what is observed to some is known as the _______ __ ___________

Answer 19

fallacy of composition

Question 20

(The error of failing to give logical connection between the premise and the conclusion, but rather the arguments appeal to one’s emotion is known as the ______ __ _________.)

Answer 20

fallacy of relevance