LOGIC Flashcards
It is a declarative sentence that is either true or false
Statement
What is the word that is often used synonymously with “Statements”
“Propositions”
Could convey a more complicated combination of ideas, such “Mark Twain was an author and Cleopatra was an actress”
Statement
Points out that the quality of being true or of being false
Statement’s Truth-value
This cannot present a position that is ambiguous or open to interpretation: this is part and parcel of the definition of what it is to be a statement
Statement
An example of this is “Grok Nell is a nutritious slumping “ This is not a statement because it can neither be true or false
Nonsensical Remarks
“What time is it” Is it a statement or not?
This is not a statement, because it is a question and cannot be true or false
“I am lying” Is this a statement or not?
This is what we consider a PARADOX because it can neither be true or false
Considering if the statement were true: the truth of the assertion would negate itself. The same interpretation can be made if the statement were considered to be false.
Liar’s Paradox
“The Empire State Building is inn New York City” Is it a statement or not?
This is a statement. It is a matter of a definitive fact.
“The Soviet Union was an evil empire. Is this a statement or not?
This is not a statement but rather an expression of opinion.
“There are 10,560 feet in one mile” Is this a statement or not?
This is a statement. The phrase is a declarative sentence whose truth value can be established.
“Is it time for dinner?” Is this a statement of not?
This is not a statement. Questions cannot be statements
These words that join one simple statement to another while not serving any other grammatical purpose
Logical Connectives
What are 5 common examples of logical connectives?
Words such as:
“not” which represents negation
“and” represents conjunction
“or” represents disjunction
“if -then” combination represent implication
“if and only if” which represent a biconditional relationship.
What does Tilde mean in logic?
This represents negation, while in other fields the symbol can have different meanings.
They use the phrase “It is not the case that” to commence the negation of a statement.
Common Practice