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Logic > Logic > Flashcards

Logic Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the Invincible Ignorance fallacy

A

Refusal to accept evidence when presented.

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2
Q

What 3 main things are known as accidents?

A

Quantities, qualities, and relations.

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3
Q

What is the difference between essence and being?

A

Being is generic existence. Essence is the specific nature of something.

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4
Q

What’s the difference of essence and nature?

A

Presumably nothing in Aquinas terms.

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5
Q

I am a human being, human is my…?

A

Essence

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6
Q

Knowledge of math would be considered what?

A

A quality, which is an accident?.

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7
Q

Difference between accidents and substance?

A

Accidents belong to something else, but Substance does not.

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8
Q

Is Gold a substance or an accident?

A

Substance

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9
Q

What is a primary substance vs a substance?

A

A substance is generically a cat or a human. A primary substance is a specific cat or human, like Mary or a pet cat named Tiger.

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10
Q

What is a T Rex?

A

A substance, an essence.

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11
Q

What is secondary substance?

A

Abstract Substance like “Cat” or “Human”

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12
Q

God’s existence is equal to his…?

A

Essence

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13
Q

What is a thing to which is belongs to be in a subject?

A

Accidents

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14
Q

Does it belong to God’s essence not to belong in something?

A

Yes

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15
Q

Is God a substance?

A

No

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16
Q

Is a Substance necessarily a physical object?

A

No

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17
Q

What limits a human’s being?

A

Their essence, or their human essence.

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18
Q

What is unique about God’s essence?

A

It has no limitation.

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19
Q

Why is God “Being” itself

A

His essence has no limitation upon his being.

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20
Q

Are humans subsistent?

A

No they cannot exist of from themselves.

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21
Q

Who is subsistent?

A

God is Subsistent Being Itself.

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22
Q

What does Subsistent Being Itself mean?

A

God’s essence does not limit his being so he is considered Being itself, and he is subsistent in that he is capable of being by himself.

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23
Q

What is a necessary being?

A

Something that must exist, or that it is impossible not to exist.

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24
Q

Why is God a necessary being?

A

He does not require a cause to give him existence (being), and his essence cannot lose existence (because it is existence itself).

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25
Q

What is a Possible being?

A

It is possible for it to exist

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26
Q

What is the difference between a possible being and a contingent being?

A

Nothing.

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27
Q

What does a contingent being need to exist?

A

A Cause

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28
Q

What’s the term for a new substance coming into existence?

A

Generation

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29
Q

What is generation?

A

When a new substance comes into existence.

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30
Q

What is corruption?

A

When an old substance passes out of existence.

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31
Q

What is it called when a substance passes out of existence?

A

Corruption.

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32
Q

What does it imply for something to potentially undergo substantial change?

A

It is a contingent being if it can go in or out of existence.

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33
Q

What does Aquinas mean by motion?

A

Any kind of change.

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34
Q

What is actuality?

A

What a current being possesses.

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35
Q

No being can be in a state of actuality and potentiality in respect to…?

A

The same thing.

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36
Q

Dying hair purple would be what kind of cause?

A

Linear cause, because once the hair is purple, the dye and nature of hair stay that way.

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37
Q

What is an essentially causual series?

A

Every item in the series is continuously dependent on it’s direct cause, ie, a book sitting on the table.

38
Q

What are the 4 types of causes?

A

Material, formal, efficient, and final?

39
Q

Describe the four causes of a statue of a man?

A

Material -> Marble
Formal -> Man
Efficient -> The Sculptor
Final Cause -> The statue itself

40
Q

What is the formal cause of a living thing?

A

Soul

41
Q

How does essence relate to a formal cause?

A

Essence takes into account both the formal and material causes.

42
Q

Why is an essence both a formal and a material cause?

A

Because a material cause and a formal cause cannot alone make a complete substance.

43
Q

What is the active and primary cause of something?

A

Formal cause

44
Q

What kind of cause is the material cause?

A

Secondary

45
Q

Which cause is actuality?

A

Formal

46
Q

Which cause is potentiality?

A

Material

47
Q

What is described by “That by which there is a beginning to motion or rest”

A

Efficient Cause

48
Q

What is wrong with saying the human being is the efficient cause of a statue?

A

Because not every human being could sculpt a sculpture, so we want to be more precise and say the Sculptor is the efficient cause.

49
Q

What is the exemplar cause?

A

The preconceived notion of something, or the beginning of the final cause? Like the image of a 3 headed sculpture in one’s mind.

50
Q

What does predicated mean?

A

To base something on something else.

51
Q

What are the 9 genera of accidents?

A

Quantity, Quality, Relation, Action, PAssion, Time, Place, Disposition, Raiment (Vestment)

52
Q

What is quality?

A

An accident - inherent properties non es partum of definition.

53
Q

What is relation?

A

An accident - how something is related to something else

54
Q

What is habit/disposition?

A

An accident - lasting tendency or capability.

55
Q

What type of accident is that of a crystal’s potential to shatter?

A

Habit or disposition.

56
Q

What type of accident is that of a person’s hair color, brown?

A

Quality

57
Q

What type of accident is that of a person who arrives at work at 8 am every day?

A

Habit or disposition

58
Q

What accident relates to when something occurs?

A

time

59
Q

What accident refers to the physical location of a substance?

A

Place

60
Q

What is the accident of situation?

A

Posture or position of something situated in its environment.

61
Q

Which accident describes a dog catching a ball?

A

Action

62
Q

What accident describes a dog being petted?

A

Passion

63
Q

What accident describes being scared during a thunderstorm?

A

Passion

64
Q

What does Inhere mean?

A

To exist within or be a part of something else. Inherited traits. The color brown inheres in my hair.

65
Q

What is a non-essential property?

A

an accident.

66
Q

What is spiration?

A

It is the procession of the Holy Spirit from the Father and the Son.

67
Q

verbi in divinis

A

Word of God?

68
Q

What is the antecedent will?

A

A will that is considered in itself

69
Q

What is a consequent will?

A

Willing a particular cirumstance, for example a King wills his subjects to live, but not if they betray or revolt. God wills all to be saved, but not if they need be punished.

70
Q

What is appetitus elicitus?

A

The conscious appetite, or, the appetite which follows knowledge.

71
Q

What is an appetite in basic terms?

A

A tendency towards some known thing

72
Q

Which appetite is the will?

A

Appetite of rationality.

73
Q

Which appetite follows the sense and cognition?

A

appetitus sensitivus

74
Q

Which appetite is bent towards concrete objects?

A

appetitus sensitivus

75
Q

Which appetite is that of the spiritual soul (two terms)?

A

appetitus rationalis, or the will

76
Q

What are the two components of the sensual appetite?

A

concupiscible and irascible appetite

77
Q

What is the concupiscible appetite?

A
78
Q

What are the 6 passions of the Concupiscible appetite?

A

Love, joy, hatred, aversion, desire, sadness

79
Q

To which appetite belong the passions of love and hate?

A

Sensual appetite - concupiscible appetite

80
Q

What is the irascible appetite?

A

Sensual appetite association with difficulty and overcoming obstacles

81
Q

What are the 5 passions of the irascible appetite?

A

hope, despair, courage, fear, anger

82
Q

To which appetite is the passion of hope and courage?

A

The sensual appetite - irascible appetite.

83
Q

What is the faculty of thought?

A

The Intellect

84
Q

What is a hypostasis?

A

Generally, a specific living being or individual that exists on its own.

85
Q
A
86
Q

What is Actus Purus?

A

Pure Act, another term for God who has no potentiation.

87
Q
A
88
Q

What does The Philosopher call a habit?

A

thathabit is a quality which is difficult to change.

89
Q

What power of the Soul is the subject of virtue?

A

The will

90
Q

What are the 3 genus of powers of the Soul?

A

Vegetative: taking nutrition And reproducing, sensitive: perceiving and locomotive, rational: intellect and will.

Logic (1 decks)

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