Loftus & Palmer Et Al

Question 1

What is Schema Theory

Answer 1

It suggests that memory is altered by what an individual already knows, and use of past experience is what a human mind uses to work.

Question 2

What does it propose knowledge is?

Answer 2

It proposes that knowledge is stored in a set of schemas

Question 3

What is the background to the experiment regarding memory?

Answer 3

The background is that memory can be distorted via past experiences and little things such as words used in questioning

Question 4

What was the design of experiment 1?

Answer 4

The design of experiment 1 was individual measures

Question 5

What was the IV of Experiment 1?

Answer 5

The IV was the wording if a critical question in the questionnaire/ The verb

Question 6

What was the leading question of experiment 1?

Answer 6

The leading question was “About how fast were the cars going when they (IV) each other”

Question 7

What were the different words used in the experiment 1?

Answer 7

Hit/Smashed/Collided/Contacted/Bumped

Question 8

What was the DV of experiment 1?

Answer 8

The DV Was he estimated speed

Question 9

What was the experiment design of experiment 2?

Answer 9

Independent Measures

Question 10

What was the conditions of both tests?

Answer 10

Laboratory Conditions

Question 11

What was the IV of exp 2?

Answer 11

The wording on the leading question.

Question 12

What were the 3 different leading questions in Exp 2?

Answer 12

1: About how fast were the cars going when they Smashed into each other
2: About how fast were the cars going when they hit each other
3: NOT ASKED ABOUT SPEED

Question 13

What was the second leading questions for Exp 2?

Answer 13

Did you see any broken glass?

Question 14

What was the DV for Exp 2?

Answer 14

The answer for the leading question “Yes/No”

Question 15

What was the sample of exp 1?

Answer 15

45 Pax
5 Groups
9 in each

Question 16

What was the sample of exp 2?

Answer 16

150 Pax
3 groups
50 in each

Question 17

Procedure of Exp 1?

Answer 17

Shown 7 clips of different traffic accidents
Given questionnaire to describe the accident and then answer questions
Critical question: About how fast were the cars going when they (IV) each other
Each group had different verb

Question 18

What was the procedure if exp 2?

Answer 18

Participants shown 4 second clip of car crash
Given questionnaire to describe the accident and answer questions
Leading question on speed
One week later asked if they saw any broken glass

Question 19

What were the speed estimates for each verb in Exp 1?

Answer 19

Smashed  40.5
Collided.   39.3
Bumped.   38.1
Hit.             34.0
Contacted 31.8

Question 20

Yes/no response ration for each verb used in Exp 2?

Answer 20

Smashed Y16:N34
Hit. Y7:N43
Control. Y6:N44

Question 21

what were some if the conclusions?

Answer 21

Verbs can influence answers
People are not good at judging vehicular speed
Misleading post event information can distort memory

Question 22

What area does this come under?

Answer 22

Cognitive