locating epicenter + seismic waves

Question 1

the point of the surface directly above the focus

Answer 1

epicenter

Question 2

the point within the earth where the actual movement takes place

Answer 2

focus

Question 3

the wave record from a seismograph is known as?

Answer 3

seismogram

Question 4

the instrument used to record earthquake waves is known as?

Answer 4

seismograph

Question 5

what are the waves in an seismogram of an earthquake by order?

Answer 5

p waves (primary, push-pull), s waves (secondary, shear or shake), l waves (long, love), rayleigh waves

Question 6

earthquake generated and recorded on a seismograph. they reveal the existence of the earth’s layers: crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core

Answer 6

seismic waves

Question 7

what are the two types of body waves?

Answer 7

p-waves (longitudinal) and s-waves (transverse)

Question 8

what are the two types of surface waves?

Answer 8

rayleigh waves and love waves

Question 9

moves faster and arrives first. it’s a longitudinal wave. causes relatively minor damage.

Answer 9

primary wave (p-wave)

Question 10

the exact opposite of p-wave. it’s transverse wave. moving slowly but causes far more damage.

Answer 10

secondary wave (s-wave)

Question 11

caused by far the most damage of any kind of seismic wave. faster and larger in amplitude than rayleigh waves, which is why they arrive first.

Answer 11

love wave

Question 12

are the last to arrive. they’re the slowest kind of seismic wave, but they still cause a lot of damage

Answer 12

rayleigh wave

Question 13

what is the formula for locating the distances of the stations from the epicenter?

Answer 13

d = td/8 seconds x 100 km

Question 14

how do scientists locate the epicenter of an earthquake?

Answer 14

they must have seismograms from at least three seismic stations. a circle is drawn around each station with a radius corresponding to the epicenter’s distance from that station. the point where the three circles meet is the epicenter.