Localisation of functions within the brain

Question 1

Summerise the motor cortex

Answer 1

• Located in the rear of the frontal lobe along a bumpy region known as the precentral gyrus
• helps make voluntary movements

Question 2

Summerise the Visual Centres

Answer 2

• Located in the optical lobe towards the back of the brain
• Information is sent via the optic nerve
• Damage to this area causes deafness

Question 3

Summaries the Somatosensory Cortex

Answer 3

• responsible for locating sensory information

- Located in the Parietal lobe along the region known as the postcentral gyrus

Question 4

What are the two language centres?

Answer 4

Brocas and Werknickes area

Question 5

Summerise Brocas Area

Answer 5

This is named after the french neurosurgeon Paul Borca and is responsible for language production

Question 6

How did Broca find his conclusion?

Answer 6

Studied a patient called Tan who was able to understand spoken language but couldn’t speak it .
-He was found to have a damaged Brocas area which is located towards the front of the frontal lobe

Question 7

Summerise Wernickes area?

Answer 7

Named after the German Neurologists Carl Wernickes and is responsible for language understanding

Question 8

How did Wernickes come to his conclusion?

Answer 8

He found that when his patients couldn’t understand language they always had a damaged wernickes area

Question 9

Summaries the Auditory Centres

Answer 9

This is the part of the temporal lobe that processes auditory information and is located bilaterally (in both halves of the brain)

Question 10

What happens when theres damage to one side of the brain in the auditory centre?
What about both?

Answer 10

Damage to one hemisphere (unilateral) results in slight hearing loss
Damage to both sides (bilateral) results is deafness

Question 11

How can i remember these 6 functions?

Answer 11

M - Mint V - velvet S- Saw A- Alice - W - working L- lots

Question 12

What supporting evidence is there for the somanto sensory cortex?

Answer 12

Phantom Limb Patients - When someone who has lost a leg for example they can still feel the leg even though it isn’t there

• Treated by therapy
• Supports the Somanto Sensory Cortex as you feel the movement in your brain

Question 13

What evidence is there for Brocas and Wernickes area?

Answer 13

Aphasia - This is the inability to understand or produce speech which is usually caused by a stroke or head injury

• Those with expressive aphasia (unable to produce speech) have damage to their brocas area
• Those with receptive aphasia (unable to understand speech) had damage to their wernickes area