Localisation of Functions in the Brain Flashcards
What is localisation?
The theory that specific areas of the brain are associated with particular physical and psychological functions.§
What is the first AO1 point about localisation?
Hemispheres.
What is a hemisphere?
The two sides of your brain, Right or left.
Each hemisphere is responsible for specific functions.
What is the second AO1 point about localisation?
Language areas.
Where are language areas found which is evidence for localisation?
Only the left hemisphere (LH)
In an exam, where will the front of the brain usually be, therefore which side of the brain will you be looking at?
It will be the front pointing towards the left, so you are looking at the left hemisphere usually.
What are the two language areas?
Broca’s area and Wernicke’s area.
What is Broca’s area responsible for?
Speech production.
What is Wernicke’s area responsible for?
Language comprehension.
How can you remember which out of Broca’s area and Wernicke’s area comes first from the front of the head to the back?
They are in alphabetical order.
Broca’s area is found at the back of the frontal lobe and Wernicke’s are is found further back.
What problems will you have if you have damage to the Broca’s area?
What problems will you have if you have damage to the Wernicke’s area?
What is the key word for this?
Producing speech.
Producing comprehensible speech.
Aphasia.
Broca’s aphasia or Wernicke’s aphasia.
What is the third AO1 point for localisation?
Layers of the brain.
What are the three layers of the brain?
The cerebrum.
The limbic system.
The central core.
What are the overall functions of the three layers of the brain in the order they develop?
Central core = primitive, brain stem.
Limbic system = Emotions.
Cerebrum = Higher order stuff.
What are the two hemispheres joined by?
Nerve fibres.
What is the fourth AO1 point for localisation?
The four lobes.
What do you need to know about the four lobes?
The name, the location and the function.
Where is the frontal lobe found out of the four sections?
At the front.
What are the names of the four lobes found in the brain that show localisation?
Frontal lobe.
Parietal lobe.
Temporal lobe.
Occipital lobe.
What are 5 examples of functions of the frontal lobe?
Naming things, telling the time, music, creativity, sequencing.
Where is the parietal lobe found out of the four sections?
At the top
What is one example of a function of the parietal lobe?
Understanding dimensions.
Where is the temporal lobe found out of the four sections?
At the Bottom in a side on diagram, they are the ones by your ears.
What are three examples of functions of the temporal lobe?
Hearing, smelling, rhythm.
Where is the occipital lobe out of the four sections?
At the back.
What is one example of a function of the occipital lobe?
Vision.
