Localisation of Function in the Brain

Question 1

Define the localisation theory:

Answer 1

Specific areas of the brain are associated with particular physical and psychological functions

Question 2

What are certain areas of the brain which hold a particular functions know as?

Answer 2

Localisation of brain function

Question 3

What do you call the division of the brain?

Answer 3

Left and right hemisphere

Question 4

Define lateralisation:

Answer 4

The dominance of one hemisphere of the brain for particular physical and psychological functions

Question 5

What are the different areas of the brain?

Answer 5

• Occipatal lobe
• Parietal lobe
• Temporal lobe
• Frontal lobe

Question 6

Define the Occipatal lobe:

Answer 6

Processes visual information

Question 7

Define the Temporal lobe:

Answer 7

Involved with hearing and memory

Question 8

Define the Frontal lobe:

Answer 8

Involved in functions such as speech, thought and learning

Question 9

Define the Parietal lobe:

Answer 9

Processes sensory information such as touch, temperature and pain

Question 10

Which side of the brain controls the left hand-side of the body?

Answer 10

Right hemisphere

Question 11

Which side of the brain controls the right hand-side of the body?

Answer 11

Left hemisphere

Question 12

Describe the cerebral cortex:

Answer 12

• Outer layer of both hemisphere

- 33mm thick

Question 13

What is the left hemisphere responsible for?

Answer 13

Language

Question 14

Define the motor area:

Answer 14

Regulating movement

Question 15

Define the somatosensory:

Answer 15

Processes sensory information i.e touch

Question 16

Define the visual area:

Answer 16

Receives and processes visual information

Question 17

Define the auditory area:

Answer 17

Analysis of speech-based information

Question 18

Define the Broca’s area:

Answer 18

In left hemisphere responsible for speech production

Question 19

Define the Wernicke’s area:

Answer 19

In the left hemisphere responsible for language comprehension

Question 20

Where do you find the motor area?

Answer 20

Frontal lobe

Question 21

Where do you find the somatosensory area?

Answer 21

Parietal lobe

Question 22

Where do you find the visual area?

Answer 22

Occipital lobe

Question 23

Where do you find the auditory area?

Answer 23

Temporal lobe

Question 24

Where do you find the Broca’s area?

Answer 24

Left hemisphere of frontal lobe

Question 25

Where do you find the Wernicke’s area?

Answer 25

Left hemisphere of temporal lobe

Question 26

What does the central core regulate?

Answer 26

Primitive and involuntary behaviours including the hypothalamus

Question 27

Define homeostasis:

Answer 27

The process by which the body maintains a constant physiological state

Question 28

What does the limbic system regulate?

Answer 28

Our emotions contains hippocapus

Question 29

What does the cerebrum regulate?

Answer 29

Higher intellectual processes with outer layer known as cerebral cortex (‘grey matter’)

Question 30

What is the cerebrum made up of?

Answer 30

Left and right hemisphere connected by the corpus callosum

Question 31

Peterson (1988):

Answer 31

-Brain scans showing Broca’s and Wernicke’s area active during reading tasks

Question 32

Tulving et al (1994):

Answer 32

Semantic and episodic memories located at different parts of prefrontal cortex

Question 33

What are Peterson and Tulving et al studies?

Answer 33

Objective and sophisticated

Question 34

Neurosurgical evidence:

Answer 34

Extreme treatment by destructing of healthy brain cells to control behaviours (i.e labotomy/leucotomy)

Question 35

Aim of case study Phineas Cage:

Answer 35

To explain the cause of Gage’s change of personality.

Question 36

Method of Phineas cage:

Answer 36

-Iron rod through his skull

Question 37

Results of Phineas cage:

Answer 37

• Survived but personality differed
• Before: well-balanced
• After: rude/agressive

Question 38

Evaluation of Phineas cage:

Answer 38

Case studies - must be careful of generalising

Question 39

Karh Lashley (1950):

Answer 39

The basic motor and sensory functions were localised, but that higher mental functions were not.

Question 40

Does Lashley (1950) support the localisation theory?

Answer 40

Partially