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Psychology- Biopsychology > Localisation of Function > Flashcards

Localisation of Function Flashcards

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1
Q

What is localisation of function?

A

The theory that specific areas of the brain are associated with particular physicial and psychological functions.

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2
Q

How has the view on localisation changed over time in psychology?

A

Before the 19th century, scientific took a holistic view of the brain- all parts are involved in all functions.
In the 20th century, it was a very localised view. (evidence comes from case studies- e.g. Phineas Gage, Brooker’s area).
Today we have a localised view along with a holistic view.

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3
Q

What are the four main areas that the brain are divided into?

A
  • The Limbic System
  • Cerebellum
  • Brain stem
  • Cerebrum/cortex
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4
Q

What is the function of the limbic system?

A

This is ‘reptilian brain’ that all animals have this. For basic functioning; Controls basic emotions (fear, pleasure, anger) and drives (hunger, sex etc.)

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5
Q

What is the function of Cerebellum?

A

It coordinates and regulates muscular activity.

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6
Q

What is the function of brain stem?

A

connects brain to the spinal cord

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7
Q

What is the function of cerebrum/ cortex?

A

This is the evolutionary part of the brain. It is divided into 4 lobes all with specific function.

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8
Q

What does contralateral mean?

A

Each hemisphere controls the opposite side of your body

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9
Q

What are the four lobes in the cortex?

A
  • frontal lobe
  • parietal lobe
  • temporal lobe
  • occiptial lobe
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10
Q

What is the function of the frontal lobe?

A

involved in reasoning, motor control, emotion and lanuage

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11
Q

What is the function of the parietal lobe?

A

involved in processing information from the body’s senses

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12
Q

What is the function of the temporal lobe?

A

located on the side of the head. Is associated with hearing, memory emotion and some ascepts of lanuage.

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13
Q

What is the function of occiptial lobe?

A

located on the back of the brain. Responsible for containing primary visual cortex which is responsible for interpreting incoming visual information.

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14
Q

Where is the motor cortex located?

A

In the frontal lobe

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15
Q

What is the function of the motor cortex?

A

Controls our voluntary movement

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16
Q

How is control in the motor cortex structured?

A

-It is contralateral.
-Different parts control different parts of the body, arranged logically.

17
Q

Where is the somatosensory cortex located?

A

It is located in parietal lobe of both hemispheres.

18
Q

What is the function of the somatosensory cortext?

A

This is where sensory information from the skin (e.g. touch, heat, pressure) is processed.

19
Q

How is control in the somatosensory cortex structured?

A

Contrelateral cortex- one side of the brain receives sensory info from the opposite side

20
Q

Where is the visual cortex located?

A

Located in the occiptal lobe

21
Q

What is the function of the visual cortex?

A

Nerve impulses from the retina (in the eye) travel to areas of the brain via the optic nerve.

22
Q

Where is the control of the visual cortex structured?

A

It is contralateral- the right hemisphere receives input from left-hand side of the visual felisn (eye) and vice versa

Visual cortext contains different areas that process different types of visual info such as colour, shape and movement.

23
Q

Where is the Auditory cortex located?

A

Located in the temporal lobe of both hemispheres

24
Q

What is the function of the Auditory cortex?

A

Sound waves are converted into nerve impulses

25
Q

How is the control in the Auditory cortex structured?

A

Auditory information is processed by both sides of the brain from each ear. (helps to understand where sound is coming from)

26
Q

Two examples of language centers?

A
  • Broca’s Area
  • Wernicke’s Area
27
Q

What is Broca’s area?

A

small region in the frontal lobe responisble for speech production. Came from the case study of Tan.

28
Q

What was Wernicke’s area for?

A

small region in the temporal lobe, reponisble for lanuage comphrension.

29
Q

In which hemisphere of the brain are people’s lanuage processed?

A

In the majoritiy of people lanuage is processed soely by the left hemispehere.

Psychology- Biopsychology (7 decks)

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