Localisation of Brain Function and Neuroplasticity Flashcards
What is neuroplasticity?
Neuroplasticity refers to the brain’s ability to adapt to change, whether from injury, illness-induced damage, or changes due to learning and experience.
What is structural plasticity?
Structural plasticity refers to changes within brain structures (e.g., the hippocampus) due to learning experienced over time; it does not occur immediately.
What is functional plasticity?
Functional plasticity, also known as functional recovery, refers to the brain’s ability to replace lost or damaged functions by using existing brain regions in their place.
What does plasticity mean in the context of the brain?
Plasticity means that the brain is not a static, concrete mass; it is a flexible organ that responds and adapts to environmental stressors.
What are neural networks?
Neural networks are groups of interlinked neurons that combine to produce specific neurological functions or processes.
What is neural pruning?
Neural pruning is the process by which the brain eliminates synapses and neurons that are no longer used or needed, increasing its efficiency.
How is neural pruning related to neuroplasticity?
Neural pruning is a key function of neuroplasticity, involving the reduction of neural networks and neurons that were once used but are no longer needed, leading to decreased grey matter.
Name two studies linked to neuroplasticity.
Maguire (2000) study on black cab drivers
Draganski (2004) study on juggling
What is localisation of brain function?
Specific behaviours and functions are associated with specific regions of the brain.
What assumption does localisation of brain function make?
Localisation of function (LOF) assumes that there is a biological basis to behaviour and that thoughts, actions and other behaviours are linked to a biological function.
