LOCAL GOVERNMENT AND DECENTRALIZATION Flashcards by LOURISZE LOURIEL M. VALEROSO

• provides as a policy that “the State shall guarantee and promote the autonomy of the local government units – especially the barangays – to ensure their fullest development as self-reliant communities.“
• constitute the foundation of the entire structure of the government
• affect the ordinary citizen more directly than those of the national government
• more concerned with the local affairs than with those of the national or provincial in scope.

local government

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exercises supervision over the whole country

president

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• Philippines is divided into units of different sizes known as
• enjoy autonomy, especially in local affairs
• under the general supervision of the Chief Executive, through the Secretary of the Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG)

political subdivisions

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political subdivisions

provinces
municipalities
cities
barangays

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local governments are agencies of the national government in the matter of collection of taxes, law enforcement, and other governmental functions, which may be delegated by the national government to these local governments

Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG)

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takes care of the function so which affect the people of a certain province

provincial government

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largest political unit in the Philippines

province

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powers of provincial government

• to acquire and transfer real and personal properties
• to enter into contracts, including those incurring obligations, which are expressly provided by law
• to exercise such other rights and incur such other obligations as are expressly authorized by law

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how many provinces do the Philippines have

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How do the 77 provinces of the Philippines are being classified?

according to their average income for five consecutive years; higher the income of the province, the higher is its classification

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basis for higher class provinces

• higher income
• higher salaries

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province executives

• governor
• vice-governor
• members of the provincial board (vocales)

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vocales of the provinces

• first
• second
• third
• two in the other classes of provinces

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the rest of the provincial officials

• provincial treasurer
• provincial assessor
• district auditor
• judges of the Regional Trial courts
• provincial fiscal
• division superintendent of schools
•district health officer
• district engineer
• register of deeds

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how the rest of the provincial officials are being appointed

by the corresponding departments of the national government

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on what period does election of the governor, vice governor, and
members of the provincial board takes places

Second Tuesday of November of the election year

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governor, vice governor, and
members of the provincial board are given how long of term

3 years

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governor, vice governor, and members of the provincial board can be reelected for how many terms

3 consecutive terms

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• exercises general supervisory powers over the entire province
• makes known to the people of his province all laws and orders of the government, especially those which directly concern them and sees to it that they are faithfully carried out
• acquaints himself with the conditions of the municipalities
comprising the province and advises local officials in matters affecting their official work

provincial governor

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• town
• LGU
• has the function of a town since its inception
• distinct from city, which is a different category of local government unit
• public corporation created by an act of congress and is governed by the Municipality Law, which defines its duties and powers
• classified according to their average annual income for the last four fiscal years

municipalities

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how many municipalities as of 7 September 2019

1,488

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provinces are divided into

cities

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cities are divided into

municipalities

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how many municipalities we have in the Philippines

1,540

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how are the municipalities being classified?

according to their average annual income for the last four fiscal years

elective officials of municipalities

• municipal mayor • vice mayor • councilors

how many years is the term of elective officials of municipalities?

3 years

how many terms can elective officials of municipalities can be re elected?

3 consecutive terms

appointive officials of the municipalities

• municipal secretary, • treasurer • justice of the peace • chief of police

functions of the mayor

• to execute all laws and municipal ordinances; • to supervise the administration of the town; • to issue orders relative to the maintenance of peace and order; • to preside over the meetings of the municipal council [presiding officer] • to recommend measures to the municipal council aimed at the improvement of the social and economic conditions of the people.

• lawmaking body of the town and is composed of the mayor • who is the chairman of the council • vice mayor, and the councilors

municipal council

chief executive officer of the town

municipal mayor

functions of municipal council

• fix the salaries of all municipal offices and employees, except the treasurer, teachers in the public schools, and staff of national government agencies assigned to the municipality • to provide for expenses necessary to carry out the functions of the municipality • to provide for buildings adequate for municipal uses, including school houses • to provide for the levy and collection of taxes, fees, and charges as sources of municipal revenue • to establish and maintain an efficient police department and an adequate municipal jail

• unit of local administration • created by a special law which serves as its charter

chartered cities

creates the city, defines its boundaries, provides its system of government, and defines the powers and duties of its officials

charter

elective officials of the city

• mayor • vice mayor • the members of the city council

number of years per term of elective officials of the city

3 years

how many times can an elective official be elected in the city?

3 consecutive terms

is the executive official of the city, aided by the appointive heads of the various departments

mayor

presiding officer of the board

vice mayor

• exercise judicial functions • lawmaking body of the city is council

city courts

functions of city council

• to levy and collect taxes in accordance with law; • to enact ordinances; • to provide for public works constructions and for the maintenance of a local police force; • to establish fire zones within the city and to regulated the type of building which may be constructed within each zone; • to provide for the protection of the inhabitants from public calamities and to provide relief

• division or municipalities or cities • smallest units of local government in the Philippines

barangay

ruler baranggay

barrio charter

elective officials of barangay

• barangay captain • barangay councilor

functions of barangay captain

• As chief executive, the barangay captain is its recognized leader. • He enforces all the laws and ordinances applicable to his constituency • He may organize fire brigades, preside over all meetings both of the barangay council and assembly, organize groups of citizens to fight criminality and brigandage, and approve all payments from barangay funds. • He also sings all contacts in which the barangay is a party

how many barangay are in the Philippines?

41,945

• defined as the transfer of power and authority from central institution to lower or local levels of a government system • refers to the transfer of powers from central government to local levels in a political-administrative and territorial hierarchy. • allows the participation of the people and the local government • hands over political, financial and administrative authority from central to local governments, so that the government can facilitate and guarantee better public services for the people

decentralization

according to himdecentralization generally refers to the systematic and rational dispersal of power, authority and responsibility from the center to the periphery, from top to lower levels, or from national to local governments

Raul P. De Guzman

three forms of decentralization

• devolution • deconcentration • debureaucratization

transfer of power and authority from the national government to local government units; political and territorial decentralization

devolution

transfer of power, authority or responsibility or the discretion to plan, decide and manage from central to local levels; administrative and sectoral decentralization

deconcentration

• transfer of some public functions and responsibilities, which government may perform to private entities or non-government organizations (NGOs) • involves the harnessing of the private sector and non-governmental organizations in the delivery of services through various modalities including contracting out, private-public partnership and joint ventures

debureaucratization

three components of decentralization

• political • fiscal • institutional

focuses among others on improved planning and monitoring of development measures, formulating strategies for the active integration of civil society and the economic sector, and the promotion of information exchange and management

political decentralization

focuses on the increase in local government’s responsibility for expenditures

fiscal decentralization

focuses among others on the delivery of basic services from the national government to the local government units concerned

institutional decentralization

indicators of political decentralization

• accountability • transparency • responsibility and participation

local committees consisting of men and women work in selected LGUs according to the guidelines of the Local Government Code of 1991 to implement result-oriented & target-relevant decisions and measures

accountability

selected LGUs and national organizations / departments publish their annual budgets in media accessible to citizens such as newspapers, bulletin boards at the town hall and churches; and report semi-annually on the implementation status of programs in citizen’s assemblies

transparency

the portion of programs and projects realized by LGUs through active and quantifiable participation, such as job performance & financial contributions of citizens

responsibility and participation

impacts of political decentralization

• empowered Local leaders to take greater control over their region’s destinies • local leaders, citizens and other stakeholders are given more freedom in determining their development paths • delegated some powers from the central authority to the local authorities, who are much familiar with the cultural, social and economic aspects of their respective regions • main objective is for the provinces, cities and municipalities to use their financial resources more efficiently, generate additional resources and tap alternative resources

indicators of fiscal decentralization

• Improved financial management including qualification of participants in areas of financial management • Strengthening cooperation on different levels • Promoting exchange of experiences, formulating strategies for an improved integration of the business sector and civil society in social and economic programs.

• Better service delivery is a matter of coordination& collaboration. • Bridging and empowering the public and private sectors of different regions in the country through forums, seminars, workshops, studies and researches. • Working within networks is a strategic element in achieving sustainability, reliability and a broad effect, especially for the forging of “strategic alliances”. • Exchange of ideas and mutual understanding among local chief executives, police and military is crucial in achieving sustainable peace and development

impact of institutional decentralization