Local Anesthetics

Question 1

1. Ester preservatives

2. Amide preservatives

Answer 1

1. PABA

2. Methylparaben

Question 2

Amides or Esters have an increased incidence of allergeries?

Answer 2

Esters - PABA

Low chance with esters (very low with amides)

Question 3

Can a patient whose had an allergy to an ester receive an amide?

Answer 3

Yes - there is no cross sensitivity between classes

Question 4

Can a patient with an allergy to esters receive another ester?

Answer 4

No - there is cross sensitivity among the ester family

Question 5

At low doses, what does LAs do to the vasculature?

Answer 5

Vasoconstriction - inhibits nitric oxide

Question 6

At higher does, what does LAs do to the vasculature?

Answer 6

Vasodilation

Question 7

What vasculature changes does cocaine cause?

Answer 7

Vasoconstriction (always) - inhibits NE uptake

Question 8

How does LA protein binding increase DOA?

Answer 8

Plasma proteins bind with LA and serves as a tissue reservoir

Question 9

What does a higher lipid solubility correlate with?

Answer 9

Longer DOA

Question 10

How does the intrinsic vasodilating effects of LAs decrease duration of action?

Answer 10

They increase vascular uptake - shorten the time for LA availability at the sodium channel