local anaesthetics

Question 1

lidocaine mech of action

Answer 1

works by blocking sodium ion channels - prevents presynaptic neuron from depolarising

Question 2

SE

Answer 2

1. CNS overactivity followed by depression

2. cardiac arrythmia

Question 3

mx of local anesthetic toxicity

Answer 3

IV 20% lipid emulsion

Question 4

cocaine

Answer 4

1. Used in ENT surgery - topically applied to nasal mucosa and has rapid onset of action
2. marked vasoconstriction
3. causes tachycarrthymias and tachycardias

Question 5

bupivacaine

Answer 5

mech of action -
binds to intracellular portion of sodium channels and blocks sodium influx into nerve cells and prevents depolarising

2. longer duration and longer analgesis effects

Question 6

CI of bupivicaine

Answer 6

cardiotoxic and CI in regional blockage in case tourniquet failes

Question 7

IV regional anaesthesia - Bier’s block

Answer 7

local anaesthetic is injected IV and isolated from the rest of the circulation, only to the target place

Question 8

Prilocaine

Answer 8

not as cardiotoxic so agent of choice in IV regional anesthesia