Local Anaesthetic Flashcards
What defines anaesthesia?
Loss of ALL sensation
What defines analgesia?
Loss of PAIN sensation
What are the 2 main uses of LA?
- Pain control:
- Peri-operatively
- Post operatively - Diagnosis
Out of peri-operative and post-operative pain control, which is longer lasting?
Post-operative pain control
What are the 2 potential volumes of a cartridge?
2.2ml or 1.8ml
What are the contents of a cartridge?
- Anaesthetic agent
- +/- vasoconstrictor
- +/- stabiliser/preservative
- isotonic carrier medium (normally saline)
What does the isotonic carrier medium usually made of?
Saline
What are the 2 types of vasoconstrictor?
Adrenaline and Felypressin (Octapressin)
What affect does adrenaline have on the speed, duration and depth of LA?
Adrenaline INCREASES the speed, duration and depth of LA.
What affect does adrenaline have on bleeding?
Adrenaline decreases bleeding.
What affect does adrenaline have on the bond of restorative material and why?
Adrenaline increases the bond of restorative material due to less outward dentinal fluid flow as invasive intrapulpal pressure doesn’t increase as much.
What range of concentration is adrenaline available in?
1:80,000 (12.5μg/ml) - 1:200,000 (5μg/ml)
What determines the concentration of adrenaline used?
The level on invasion.
More invasive procedures involving more bleeding require a higher concentration of adrenaline.
What is the purpose of a preservative/stabliser in LA?
To maintain shelf life
