LO4: Muscoloskeletal system Flashcards
What can the skeletion do?
Grow in size
Repair it’s own broken parts
Lubricate it’s own joints
Support internal organs
What are the five main functions of the skeleton?
Protection
Support
Movement
Blood cell production
To store minerals eg. calcium
What is a vertical bone?
Up and down bone, lengthways
What is a transverse bone?
Across/ through the bone
What is cartilage?
Strong flexible connective tissue, protects joints and bones, acts as shock absorber throughout the body, at the end of bones which reduces friction and prevent bones from rubbing together when using your joints
What is spongy bone?
Provides balance to the dense and heavy compact bone by making bones lighter so that muscle can move more easily
What is compact bone?
Forms the hard dense outer layer of bones throughout the human body, function primarily to provide strength and protection to bones
What is the bone marrow?
Spongy susbstance found in the centre of bones, healthy bone marrow is an essentil part of the body, contains stem cells that produce blood cells and cells that make up the immune system
What is the osteon?
Overall term for the system that is made up of haversian canals, osteocytes, canalliculi, lacunae and lamellae
What is the haversian canal?
Central canal that contains blood vessels and nerves
What is an osteocyte?
Bone cells
What are canalliculi?
Tiny chanels containing cytoplasmic extensions of the osteocytes
What is lacunae?
Spaces within the hard bones that contain the living osteocytes
What are lamellae?
Layers of hard bone
What is a pivot joint?
Only allows rotation eg. neck
What is a ball and socket joint?
Most moveable joint in the body eg. hip
What is a sliding joint?
Little movements in all directions eg. hands
What is the hinge joint?
Can only move in two directions eg. elbow
