LO2 - Discrimination Flashcards
Factors that can incite discrimination?
Race
Culture
Disability
Social class
Age
Gender
Sexual orientation
Religion
How does discriminatory practice develop?
Discriminatory practice develops from uninformed attitudes and beliefs that result in unfair treatment of certain individuals or groups of people.
Whats race?
Refers to a group that is considered to have distinct characteristics based on their skin colour, nationality, or ethnic origin. Discrimination on this basis is called racism
Whats culture?
●Refers to a group of people in society who share the same customs, language, dress, beliefs and values.
●Cultural groups may be discriminated against because they the are perceived as being different such as traveller communities.
Whats disability?
Physical or mental impairment that has a substantial and long term negative effect on a persons ability to do normal daily activities. Discrimination on this basis is called disabilism.
Whats social class?
Defined by economic or educational status, where people are grouped into hierarchical social categories. People may have unfavourable views of others and make judgements based on thier social class.
Discrimination on the basis of age?
●People are sometimes discriminated agianst because of their age, and despite being an ageing society there are still negative perceptions about older people being frail or confused. Discrimimation based on age is called Ageism
Whats gender?
●Refers to whether someone is male, female or transgender. Discrimination because of someones gender is sexism.
Whats sexual orientation?
●Discrimination due to someones sexuality, if they are bisexual, gay or lesbian, is homophobia.
Whats religion?
Religion is a system of beliefs and values. Religious discrimination could involve a persons religious needs not being met such as no kosher food being available to jewish patients at a hospital.
What do you think ‘direct’ discrimination might mean?
Intentionally and deliberately putting someone at a disadvantage.
E.g. deliberately not employing someone because of a ‘protected characteristic’ e.g. gender.
What do you think ‘indirect’ discrimination might mean?
Accidentally or unintentionally putting someone at a disadvantage.
E.g. When a company’s policy or rules excludes someone. Like a GP surgery requiring patients to give a fixed address would discriminate against the traveller community.
Types of abuse?
Physical
Verbal
Psychological(emotional)
Sexual
Neglect
Prejudice-
This is when a person has a negative attitude towards or unfair dislike of an individual or group.
It is usually based on ill-informed or inaccurate information. It can also be based on stereotypes
Stereotype-
Making judgements about a person/group based on one of their characteristics.
Labelling-
Identifying someone as belonging to a group because of one of their characteristics and treating them negatively as a consequence.
Bullying-
Behaving negatively towards an individual to deliberately intimidate them or cause harm. It can be physical or psychological.
Who is affected by dsicriminatory practice?
Individuals who require care and support: Patients, clients, people with disabilities, babies, children, young adults, older adults
Family, friends, relatives of individuals: Parents, Grandparents,sons and daughters, step family members, best friends, neighbourhood
Practitioners: Nurse, gp, physiotherapist, midwife, surgeon, health visitor, social worker, care assistant, counsellor, nursery assistant
The impact on individuals: Physically
Lack of sleep/tiredness
Stress
Not wanting to eat
The impact on individuals:Intellectually
Lower attendance
Lower attainment
Lack of concentration
The impact on individuals: Emotionally
Worries/anxious
Sadness
Isolation
Low self-esteem/confidence
The impact on individuals: Socially
●Lack of trust when developing future friendships
●Strong attachment to parents/not wanting to leave them
Effects of discrimination:
●Disempowerment
●Low self-esteem/confidence
●Poor health and wellbeing
Whats disempowerment?
●Individuals who have suffered discrimination can feel
disempowered. They will feel a lack of control in their
life, particularly if they are in residential care where they
are dependent on a carer who is abusing them.
Whats Low self esteem and low self confidence
●Self-esteem and self-confidence can be destroyed by
discrimination, leading to an individual feeling worthless.
Poor health and well being
●May become withdrawn and isolated to avoid the situation.
●Feeling frightened about further discrimination
●Health problems can develop, such as high blood pressure/anxiety.
●If the person is already ill their conditon may deteriorate and recovery delayed.
●Serious, sometimes fatal consequences.
What is physical abuse?
● Physical abuse. This occurs when someone causes
physical pain or threatens to hurt an individual. A
carer could handle a child roughly when changing
a nappy. This could cause physical injuries such as
bruising or, if very roughly handled, broken bones.
What is verbal abuse?
● Verbal abuse. This could be name calling, insults
or swearing to try to humiliate someone or reduce
their dignity or security. An example could be a care
assistant in a residential home using foul language and
raising her voice because a resident is taking too long
to finish her meal when the carer wants to go off duty.
What is psychological (emotional) abuse?
●Threats and constant criticism are examples of psychological
abuse. The aim is to undermine and control the
person being abused.
What is sexual abuse?
●Sexual abuse. This would include any type of unwanted
sexual contact, such as touching breasts, genitals or
buttocks when the victim is either dressed or undressed.
What is neglect?
●Neglect. This is when a carer fails to care for
someone properly. Their basic needs for warmth,
food, and clean clothing are not met.
