LO2 - Discrimination

Question 1

Factors that can incite discrimination?

Answer 1

Race
Culture
Disability
Social class
Age
Gender
Sexual orientation
Religion

Question 2

How does discriminatory practice develop?

Answer 2

Discriminatory practice develops from uninformed attitudes and beliefs that result in unfair treatment of certain individuals or groups of people.

Question 3

Whats race?

Answer 3

Refers to a group that is considered to have distinct characteristics based on their skin colour, nationality, or ethnic origin. Discrimination on this basis is called racism

Question 4

Whats culture?

Answer 4

●Refers to a group of people in society who share the same customs, language, dress, beliefs and values.
●Cultural groups may be discriminated against because they the are perceived as being different such as traveller communities.

Question 5

Whats disability?

Answer 5

Physical or mental impairment that has a substantial and long term negative effect on a persons ability to do normal daily activities. Discrimination on this basis is called disabilism.

Question 6

Whats social class?

Answer 6

Defined by economic or educational status, where people are grouped into hierarchical social categories. People may have unfavourable views of others and make judgements based on thier social class.

Question 7

Discrimination on the basis of age?

Answer 7

●People are sometimes discriminated agianst because of their age, and despite being an ageing society there are still negative perceptions about older people being frail or confused. Discrimimation based on age is called Ageism

Question 8

Whats gender?

Answer 8

●Refers to whether someone is male, female or transgender. Discrimination because of someones gender is sexism.

Question 9

Whats sexual orientation?

Answer 9

●Discrimination due to someones sexuality, if they are bisexual, gay or lesbian, is homophobia.

Question 10

Whats religion?

Answer 10

Religion is a system of beliefs and values. Religious discrimination could involve a persons religious needs not being met such as no kosher food being available to jewish patients at a hospital.

Question 11

What do you think ‘direct’ discrimination might mean?

Answer 11

Intentionally and deliberately putting someone at a disadvantage.
E.g. deliberately not employing someone because of a ‘protected characteristic’ e.g. gender.

Question 12

What do you think ‘indirect’ discrimination might mean?

Answer 12

Accidentally or unintentionally putting someone at a disadvantage.
E.g. When a company’s policy or rules excludes someone. Like a GP surgery requiring patients to give a fixed address would discriminate against the traveller community.

Question 13

Types of abuse?

Answer 13

Physical
Verbal
Psychological(emotional)
Sexual
Neglect

Question 14

Prejudice-

Answer 14

This is when a person has a negative attitude towards or unfair dislike of an individual or group.
It is usually based on ill-informed or inaccurate information. It can also be based on stereotypes

Question 15

Stereotype-

Answer 15

Making judgements about a person/group based on one of their characteristics.

Question 16

Labelling-

Answer 16

Identifying someone as belonging to a group because of one of their characteristics and treating them negatively as a consequence.

Question 17

Bullying-

Answer 17

Behaving negatively towards an individual to deliberately intimidate them or cause harm. It can be physical or psychological.

Question 18

Who is affected by dsicriminatory practice?

Answer 18

Individuals who require care and support: Patients, clients, people with disabilities, babies, children, young adults, older adults

Family, friends, relatives of individuals: Parents, Grandparents,sons and daughters, step family members, best friends, neighbourhood

Practitioners: Nurse, gp, physiotherapist, midwife, surgeon, health visitor, social worker, care assistant, counsellor, nursery assistant

Question 19

The impact on individuals: Physically

Answer 19

Lack of sleep/tiredness
Stress
Not wanting to eat

Question 20

The impact on individuals:Intellectually

Answer 20

Lower attendance
Lower attainment
Lack of concentration

Question 21

The impact on individuals: Emotionally

Answer 21

Worries/anxious
Sadness
Isolation
Low self-esteem/confidence

Question 22

The impact on individuals: Socially

Answer 22

●Lack of trust when developing future friendships
●Strong attachment to parents/not wanting to leave them

Question 23

Effects of discrimination:

Answer 23

●Disempowerment

●Low self-esteem/confidence

●Poor health and wellbeing

Question 24

Whats disempowerment?

Answer 24

●Individuals who have suffered discrimination can feel
disempowered. They will feel a lack of control in their
life, particularly if they are in residential care where they
are dependent on a carer who is abusing them.

Question 25

Whats Low self esteem and low self confidence

Answer 25

●Self-esteem and self-confidence can be destroyed by
discrimination, leading to an individual feeling worthless.

Question 26

Poor health and well being

Answer 26

●May become withdrawn and isolated to avoid the situation.
●Feeling frightened about further discrimination
●Health problems can develop, such as high blood pressure/anxiety.
●If the person is already ill their conditon may deteriorate and recovery delayed.
●Serious, sometimes fatal consequences.

Question 27

What is physical abuse?

Answer 27

● Physical abuse. This occurs when someone causes
physical pain or threatens to hurt an individual. A
carer could handle a child roughly when changing
a nappy. This could cause physical injuries such as
bruising or, if very roughly handled, broken bones.

Question 28

What is verbal abuse?

Answer 28

● Verbal abuse. This could be name calling, insults
or swearing to try to humiliate someone or reduce
their dignity or security. An example could be a care
assistant in a residential home using foul language and
raising her voice because a resident is taking too long
to finish her meal when the carer wants to go off duty.

Question 29

What is psychological (emotional) abuse?

Answer 29

●Threats and constant criticism are examples of psychological
abuse. The aim is to undermine and control the
person being abused.

Question 30

What is sexual abuse?

Answer 30

●Sexual abuse. This would include any type of unwanted
sexual contact, such as touching breasts, genitals or
buttocks when the victim is either dressed or undressed.

Question 31

What is neglect?

Answer 31

●Neglect. This is when a carer fails to care for
someone properly. Their basic needs for warmth,
food, and clean clothing are not met.