LO2 Flashcards
PERSON - CENTRED APPROACH - means seeing the person as an individual. The individual becomes central to the health and social care processes.
key concepts of person - centred approach are:
- knowing the person as a individual
- empowerment and power
- respecting the individual’s values and preferences
- choice and autonomy
- respect and dignity
- empathy and compassion
BALANCE BETWEEN WHAT IS IMPORTANT TO AND WHAT IS IMPORTANT FOR A PERSON
- individuals receiving support are entitled to take risk if they want.
- carers need to see risk taking as positive rather than negative.
- it is now recognised that risk taking can have +ve benefits for an individual, allowing them to do things just like other people
ENHANCING, VOICE, CHOICE AND CONTROL
- The wishes of an individual and the duty of care must also be carefully balanced.
- there may be some level of compromise on behalf of the individual, their family, carer / professionals
- empowerment should mean allowing an individual to make their own decisions that carers may disagree with.
CLARIFICATION OF ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITY
- professionals are no longer in charge of making decisions about an individual’s life.
- It is the duty of the individual to make their wishes clear to the carer.
- Professionals of all disciplines, are there to give advice so that they can make informed decisions.
- professionals need to respect preferences and treat the individual as a partner in setting goal, planning care and making decisions about care, treatment or outcome.
- In sharing power and responsibility, it is essential to acknowledge the different expertise and experience of individuals both using and providing the support.
PRINCIPLES OF A PERSON - CENTRED APPROACH AND HOW THEY SUPPORT PERSON - CENTRED CARE
INDEPENDENCE AND RIGHTS
- to live the way they want to
- to be employed - the equality act 2010 ensures an individual with a disability is not discriminated against; a carer can help an individual to produce a CV which identifies academic qualifications, strengths, interest, competences and resources; volunteering, in the short term, may also help an individual find employment.
- to form meaningful relationships - if an individual is able to spend more time in the community there is more chance of them meeting new people and making friends.
CO-PRODUCTION, CHOICE AND CONTROL
- be treated as an equal partner in decision making about their care.
- Be able to make decisions about their life / care
- have more of what is important to them.
INCLUSION AND COMPETENT COMMUNITIES
- individuals should have the opp to participate in community activity
- and to feel like they belong
for an individual to have part in a community it helps if they;
- feel valued as a neighbour, friend, employee or volunteer
- have friends, social contacts, ways of contributing, reasons to go out each day.
- i.e. hobbies, freedom to make decisions.
CURENT CONTEXT OF THE PERSON - CENTRED APPROACH
ROLE OF A PERSON - CENTRED APPROACH IN ACHIEVING GOOD PRACTICE IN THE DELIVERY OF CARE SERVICES
- individual who is involved with their treatment is more likely to continue with the treatment and be happy with the outcome.
- When involved in the decision - making process they are more knowledgeable and less anxious = understand the risk and benefits.
- they have a better relationship with the professional as they will feel valued and treated with respect for what they could bring to the partnership.
HISTORICAL OVERVIEW
INSTITUTIONAL HISTORY OF PUBLIC SERVICE
- in the 19th century, a rapid expansions of new institutions means meany individuals with disabilities were moved from their homes and communities into asylums and workhouse.
- these were long - stay institutions with most people confined there until they died.
- Institutions often regarded their disabled residents as second - class citizen and showed them little respect.
- Staff often made little attempts to empathise with disabled people’s experiences, denying them autonomy, choice and dignity.
INSTITUTIONAL HISTORY OF PUBLIC SERVICE
- these institutions lasted into the 20th century. In the 1940’s and 1950s, RNBI (royal National Institute of Blind People) and the spastic society established residential homes for people with disabilities.
- Prior to this the only option for people with some disabilities was to be forcibly put into mental institutions. However, the movement for equal rights for people with disabilities was gaining momentum
INSTITUTIONAL HISTORY OF PUBLIC SERVICES
- the 1990’s saw the introduction of direct payments and the growing influence of the People First Movement
- The 200s saw the closure of the last remaining institutions, signalling the end of segregated institutional living
DISABILITY RIGHTS MOVEMENT AND LINKS TO PERSON - CENTRED APPROACH
- the PCA originated from individuals with disabilities who wanted INDEPENDENT LIVING, PARTICIPATION, CHOICE, CONTROL AND EMPOWERMENT.
- these concepts have their origins in the social model of disability and the disability rights movement which led to the independent living movement.
