LO1 Maintaining Health and Wellbeing Flashcards

1
Q

What are the levels of structural organisation within the human body?

A

Atoms, molecules, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organism

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2
Q

What is diffusion?

A

Movement of small molecules from an area of high to an area of low concentration

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3
Q

What is osmosis?

A

Movement of water molecules from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration across a semi permeable membrane

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4
Q

What is active transport?

A

Movement of molecules from low concentration to high concentration

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5
Q

What % of body weight is water in average adult males

A

60%

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6
Q

Water accounts for how many litres in the average adult male?

A

42 l

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7
Q

What factors affect body water content?

A

Age, sex and weight

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8
Q

What is extracellular fluid?

A

Fluid outside the cell

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9
Q

What is intracellular fluid

A

Fluid inside the cell

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10
Q

What are examples of extracellular fluid?

A

Tissue fluid, blood plasma, lymph fluid

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11
Q

What is insensible water loss?

A

Water loss that CANNOT be measured e.g. perspiration/expiration

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12
Q

What is sensible fluid loss?

A

Fluid loss that CAN be measured e.g. urination

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13
Q

Energy is provided by which molecule?

A

ATP

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14
Q

What is homeostasis?

A

Maintenance of a steady, internal environment within set parameters

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15
Q

What is negative feedback?

A

A self-regulatory mechanism for correcting deviations to homeostasis

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16
Q

What is positive feedback?

A

Mechanism which enhances changes to homeostasis

17
Q

What receptors detect changes in temperature?

A

Thermoreceptors

18
Q

Which receptors detect changes in fluid levels?

A

Osmoreceptors

19
Q

Which region of the brain contains sensory receptors?

A

Hypothalamus

20
Q

Which region of the brain releases hormones?

A

Pituitary Gland

21
Q

What is an effector?

A

Structure which carries out response in negative feedback

22
Q

What is a hypertonic solution?

A

Solution with lower water concentration than inside the cell

23
Q

What is a hypotonic solution

A

Solution that has a higher water content than inside the cell

24
Q

Which 2 body systems oversee homeostasis?

A

Nervous and Endocrine

25
Which process produces ATP?
Cellular Respiration
26
What is the function of transporter proteins?
Active transport at the cell membrane
27
What is meant by a semi-permeable membrane?
Control of select substances into and out of the cell
28
What is the effector organ in negative feedback control of fluid balance?
Kidneys
29
Which hormone regulates water output of the kidneys?
ADH
30
What are examples of positive feedback in the body?
Labour and Blood Clotting
31
What is filtration?
Movement of substances under pressure
32
What is facilitated diffusion?
Passive movement across channel proteins