LO1 Maintaining Health and Wellbeing Flashcards
What are the levels of structural organisation within the human body?
Atoms, molecules, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organism
What is diffusion?
Movement of small molecules from an area of high to an area of low concentration
What is osmosis?
Movement of water molecules from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration across a semi permeable membrane
What is active transport?
Movement of molecules from low concentration to high concentration
What % of body weight is water in average adult males
60%
Water accounts for how many litres in the average adult male?
42 l
What factors affect body water content?
Age, sex and weight
What is extracellular fluid?
Fluid outside the cell
What is intracellular fluid
Fluid inside the cell
What are examples of extracellular fluid?
Tissue fluid, blood plasma, lymph fluid
What is insensible water loss?
Water loss that CANNOT be measured e.g. perspiration/expiration
What is sensible fluid loss?
Fluid loss that CAN be measured e.g. urination
Energy is provided by which molecule?
ATP
What is homeostasis?
Maintenance of a steady, internal environment within set parameters
What is negative feedback?
A self-regulatory mechanism for correcting deviations to homeostasis
What is positive feedback?
Mechanism which enhances changes to homeostasis
What receptors detect changes in temperature?
Thermoreceptors
Which receptors detect changes in fluid levels?
Osmoreceptors
Which region of the brain contains sensory receptors?
Hypothalamus
Which region of the brain releases hormones?
Pituitary Gland
What is an effector?
Structure which carries out response in negative feedback
What is a hypertonic solution?
Solution with lower water concentration than inside the cell
What is a hypotonic solution
Solution that has a higher water content than inside the cell
Which 2 body systems oversee homeostasis?
Nervous and Endocrine
Which process produces ATP?
Cellular Respiration
What is the function of transporter proteins?
Active transport at the cell membrane
What is meant by a semi-permeable membrane?
Control of select substances into and out of the cell
What is the effector organ in negative feedback control of fluid balance?
Kidneys
Which hormone regulates water output of the kidneys?
ADH
What are examples of positive feedback in the body?
Labour and Blood Clotting
What is filtration?
Movement of substances under pressure
What is facilitated diffusion?
Passive movement across channel proteins
