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Human Body in Health and Illness > LO1 Maintaining Health and Wellbeing > Flashcards

LO1 Maintaining Health and Wellbeing Flashcards

1
Q

What are the levels of structural organisation within the human body?

A

Atoms, molecules, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organism

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2
Q

What is diffusion?

A

Movement of small molecules from an area of high to an area of low concentration

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3
Q

What is osmosis?

A

Movement of water molecules from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration across a semi permeable membrane

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4
Q

What is active transport?

A

Movement of molecules from low concentration to high concentration

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5
Q

What % of body weight is water in average adult males

A

60%

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6
Q

Water accounts for how many litres in the average adult male?

A

42 l

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7
Q

What factors affect body water content?

A

Age, sex and weight

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8
Q

What is extracellular fluid?

A

Fluid outside the cell

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9
Q

What is intracellular fluid

A

Fluid inside the cell

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10
Q

What are examples of extracellular fluid?

A

Tissue fluid, blood plasma, lymph fluid

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11
Q

What is insensible water loss?

A

Water loss that CANNOT be measured e.g. perspiration/expiration

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12
Q

What is sensible fluid loss?

A

Fluid loss that CAN be measured e.g. urination

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13
Q

Energy is provided by which molecule?

A

ATP

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14
Q

What is homeostasis?

A

Maintenance of a steady, internal environment within set parameters

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15
Q

What is negative feedback?

A

A self-regulatory mechanism for correcting deviations to homeostasis

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16
Q

What is positive feedback?

A

Mechanism which enhances changes to homeostasis

17
Q

What receptors detect changes in temperature?

A

Thermoreceptors

18
Q

Which receptors detect changes in fluid levels?

A

Osmoreceptors

19
Q

Which region of the brain contains sensory receptors?

A

Hypothalamus

20
Q

Which region of the brain releases hormones?

A

Pituitary Gland

21
Q

What is an effector?

A

Structure which carries out response in negative feedback

22
Q

What is a hypertonic solution?

A

Solution with lower water concentration than inside the cell

23
Q

What is a hypotonic solution

A

Solution that has a higher water content than inside the cell

24
Q

Which 2 body systems oversee homeostasis?

A

Nervous and Endocrine

25
Q

Which process produces ATP?

A

Cellular Respiration

26
Q

What is the function of transporter proteins?

A

Active transport at the cell membrane

27
Q

What is meant by a semi-permeable membrane?

A

Control of select substances into and out of the cell

28
Q

What is the effector organ in negative feedback control of fluid balance?

A

Kidneys

29
Q

Which hormone regulates water output of the kidneys?

A

ADH

30
Q

What are examples of positive feedback in the body?

A

Labour and Blood Clotting

31
Q

What is filtration?

A

Movement of substances under pressure

32
Q

What is facilitated diffusion?

A

Passive movement across channel proteins

Human Body in Health and Illness (1 decks)

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