LNG Glossary

Question 1

End-user

Answer 1

customer that purchases energy for consumption and not for resale.
Also called Ultimate customer

Question 2

USAC

Answer 2

tanker market term for US Atlantic Coast.

Question 3

USG

Answer 3

tanker market term for United States Gulf, more properly known as the Gulf of Mexico

Question 4

Utilization factor

Answer 4

a ratio of the maximum demand of a system or part of a system to its rated capacity

Question 5

Tonne, metric

Answer 5

a metric tonne equals 1,000 kilograms or 2,204.6 pounds

Question 6

Tonnage

Answer 6

shipping term referring to the total number of tons registered or carried or the ship’s carrying capacity

Question 7

Ton, Short (ST)

Answer 7

a short ton is 2,000 pounds

Question 8

Ton, Long (LT)

Answer 8

a long ton is 2,240 pounds. Typically used as the unit measure for sulfur sales.

Question 9

Ton mile

Answer 9

measurement used in the economics of transportation to designate one ton being moved one mile; useful to the shipper because it includes the distance to move a commodity in the calculation.

Question 10

Time charter

Answer 10

form of charter party issued when an LNG vessel is chartered for an agreed period of time

Question 11

Take-or-Pay (TOP) clause

Answer 11

contract clause in a Sales and Purchase Agreement (SPA) requiring a minimum quantity of natural gas to be paid for, whether or not delivery is accepted by the purchaser.

Question 12

Tail gas

Answer 12

the exhaust gas from any processing unit that is at a low pressure and is usually vented, treated for contaminant removal or combusted.

Question 13

TAPS

Answer 13

Trans-Alaska Pipeline System, the line from Prudhoe Bay on the North Slope to the terminal port of Valdez on the south coast of Alaska

Question 14

Tcf (trillion cubic feet)

Answer 14

volume measurement of natural gas approximately equivalent to one QUAD

Question 15

Therm

Answer 15

a unit of heating value equal to 100,000 Btus, in common use in the UK; about 56 therms are derived by setting fire to a barrel of crude oil; one therm has approximately the same heat content as 100 cubic feet of natural gas

Question 16

Throughput (pipeline)

Answer 16

the volume of gas flowing (or transported) through a pipeline

Question 17

Tariff gas

Answer 17

additional natural gas sold to a customer if the total amount of natural gas needed exceeds their original estimate

Question 18

Throughput (processing)

Answer 18

average amount of raw material

Question 19

Sweet gas

Answer 19

natural gas which contains such small amounts of hydrogen sulfide (and other sulfur compounds) and carbon dioxide that it can be transported or used without purifying, with no deleterious effect on piping and equipment

Question 20

Swing gas

Answer 20

natural gas bought on short notice to meet unexpected daily demands not covered under long-term contracts.

Question 21

Synthetic natural gas (SNG)

Answer 21

methane obtained from sources
other than naturally occurring reservoirs of natural gas, such as by heating coal, refining heavier hydrocarbons, or processing garbage or other organic materials. Gases other than natural gas or liquid or solid hydrocarbons converted to
a gaseous fuel of heat content, compatibility and quality equivalent in performance to that of natural gas.

Question 22

System capacity

Answer 22

the physical limitation of a gas pipeline or gas storage system to flow gas to end-users. Also called “normal system capacity”.

Question 23

System supply

Answer 23

natural gas supplies purchased, owned, and sold by the supplier.

Question 24

Sales and Purchase Agreement (SPA)

Answer 24

definitive contract between a seller and buyer for the sale and purchase of a quantity of natural gas or LNG for delivery during a specified period at a specified price