LM7

Question 1

Resistance to antibiotics in bacteria can be due to:-
1. The bacteria becoming impermeable within a few minutes of antibiotic treatment
2. The presence of enzymes that completely degrade the antibiotics outside the cell
3. The antibiotic gets into the cell cytoplasm and is then is completely degraded by intracellular enzymes
4. The presence of efflux pumps in the cell envelope

Answer 1

4

Question 2

Antibiotic resistance genes are carried on plasmids which:-
1. Can carry only one antibiotic resistance gene
2. Did not exist before the ‘antibiotic era’
3. Were first discovered in the 1980’s in the USA
4. Can be transferred between different bacteria by transformation, transduction or conjugation

Answer 2

4

Question 3

Penicillins are β Lactam antibiotics that:-

1.	 Inhibit cells that have stopped dividing

2.	 Can only kill Gram negative bacteria

3.	 Block cell wall biosynthesis by preventing the glycan chains from forming

4.	 Mimic the structure of the terminal D-ala-Dala dipeptide in the peptide side chain of peptidoglycan

Answer 3

4

Question 4

An example of a re-emerging disease is:-
1. Tuberculosis
2. AIDS
3. Haemorrhagic colitis
4. Legionnaire’s disease

Answer 4

1

Question 5

Kanamycin A is an aminoglycoside antibioitic that:-
1. Is commonly used for many infections
2. Inhibits nucleic acid synthesis
3. Binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit causing misreading of mRNA
4. Binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit and inhibits translocation of the growing peptide chain

Answer 5

3

Question 6

To prevent an epidemic of influenza the minimum necessary level of vaccination is achieved by:
1. Raising the level of herd immunity to 90%
2. Raising the level of herd immunity to 70%
3. Raising the level of herd immunity to 50%
4. To vaccinate the entire population

Answer 6

1