LM Flashcards
1
Q
Considerations for defining malnutrition
A
- weight for age - cannot distinguish between past and present undernutrition
- weight for height - used to identify children with current undernutrition
- height for age - indicator of chronic malnutrition, not of short changes
2
Q
MUAC
A
- mid upper arm circumference
- suitable to use on children 12-59 months
- estimates BMI category
3
Q
What is the overall risk of malnutrition measured with?
A
- BMI score
- weight loss score
- acute disease effect score
4
Q
Measurement of skin thickness for body fat assessment
A
- measurement of subcutaneous fat folds at 2-9 body sites
- useful for assessment of body fat in children
- hydration/recent exercise can influence measurements
- differences between men and women
5
Q
What four proteins make 50% of total proteins in the body?
A
- collagen
- haemoglobin
- myosin
- actin
6
Q
What is meant by a complete protein?
A
- foods that contain all 9 essential amino acids in sufficient amounts to meet the body’s needs
7
Q
What is meant by an electrolyte?
A
- ion required by cells to regulate the electric charge and flow of water molecules and other substances across cell membranes
8
Q
What occurs when there is not enough dietary calcium?
A
- calcium removed from bone
- causing impaired bone growth in childhood and adolescence, poor maintenance in adulthood, accelerated bone loss
9
Q
What occurs when there is too much dietary calcium?
A
- kidney stones
- calcification of blood vessel walls
- altered absorption of other minerals
10
Q
Haeme iron
A
- found in animal based foods
- highly bioavailable
- absorbed directly by intestinal cells without modification
11
Q
Non-haeme iron
A
- found in plant based foods
- lower bioavailability
- requires conversion
12
Q
What occurs when there is not enough dietary iron?
A
- depletion of stored iron
- decrease in transported iron
- decreased haemoglobin and RBC size and number
- cause impaired work performance, impaired learning in children
13
Q
What occurs when there is too much iron?
A
- unlikely but can occur with supplements
- haemochromatosis: genetic disease that results in excess iron absorption resulting in iron overload
14
Q
What are the dietary sources of selenium?
A
- Brazil nuts
- cereal
- fish
- shellfish
15
Q
What occurs when there is not enough selenium?
A
- reduced muscle tone
- impaired electrical conduction
16
Q
A
