LL1 - Lexis Open Word Classes Flashcards
Lexis
The vocabulary of a language (the technical term for words)
Open word class
The overarching lexical category of word classes where new words can continually be added
Noun
A word that refers to a person, place, thing, event…
Count noun
A noun that can be preceded by a number and counted - “one book,three cows”
Mass noun
A noun that can’t be counted and doesn’t have a plural - “information,freedom”
Proper noun
The Lexus which refers to names of people,placed or organisations - “cadburys, Bournemouth”
Abstract noun
The Lexus which refers to states, feelings and concepts that do not have a physical existence - “freedom, love, hate”
Concrete noun
The Lexus which refers to things with a physical existence - “toast”
Collective noun
The Lexus which refers to groups of things, especially animals - “a flock of sheep”
Hypernym
An overarching (category) noun which encompasses many other nouns - “animal, vegetable”
Hyponym
A noun with a narrower meaning which is part of a hyper bum (category member) - “cow, pig, pea, carrot”
Metonym
Using a word or phrase which is part of something, to describe the whole thing - “number 10 = prime minister”
Verb
A word or phrase that describes an action, condition or function experience
Verbal verb
The Lexus which is linked to the process of making sounds - “shouted, whispered, hissed”
Material verb
The Lexis which refers to a physical action - “running, jumping”
Mental verb
The Lexus which shows internal processes - “thinking, wishing, believing”
Relational verb
The Lexus which describes states of being - “be, appear, seem”
Dynamic verb
The Lexus which describes actions we can take, or things that happen; they have a continuos form - “Chris kicks the ball; Chris paints”
Stative verb
The Lexus which describes states/conditions unlikely to change (possessions, feeling, perception, mental processes, identity); typically, they do not have a continuous form - “Chris HAS a car; Chris KNOWS a lot; Chris IS a doctor”
Attributive adjective
Adjectives placed before the head noun - “a dangerous animal”
Predicative adjective
Adjectives placed after the head noun - “the day was good”
Demonstrative adjective
Indicated exactly which noun the speaker means and is usually used within spoken language as it requires context - “these, those, this , that”
Possessive adjective
A word which is placed before a noun to show ownership - “‘my,your ,his , her, it’s, our, your, their”
Temporal adverb
A word or phrase which expresses when the verb happens - “tommorow ,today ,later ,now”
Degree adverb
A word which expresses the intensity of an adjective , adverb or verb (it shows the extent of something - we completely understand) - “too, enough, very, quite, extremely”
Duration adverb
A word which expresses how long the verb happens for - “forever, minutes”
Frequency adverb
A word which expresses how often the verb happens - “sometimes, daily”
Manner adverb
A word which expresses how the verb happens - “badly, greedily”
Spatial adverb
A word or phrase which expresses where the verb happens (these can sometimes be used as prepositions where they just immediately be followed by a noun) - “here, under here, there”
Positive
The basic, form of an adjective or adverb whiteout any sense of comparison - “grumpy, fast”
Comparative
An adjective or an adverb which compares two things showing greater or lesser degree (usually ends in -er) - “grumpier, faster”
Superlative
An adjective or an adverb which shows the greatest or least degree (usually ends in -est) - “grumpiest, fastest”
