lizzy 🫶🏻 Flashcards
12 key players from the constitutional convention
George Washington, James Madison, John Adams, William Patterson, Gouvenor Morris, John Rutledge, George Mason, Roger Sherman, Alexander Hamilton, James Wilson, Edmond Randolph, & Benjamin Franklin
George Washington
indispensable man, whole reason the convention worked
James Madison
writes Virginia Plan, father of the constitution, politics entrepreneur, organizes the whole constitutional convention, wanted representation proportional to the people (population)
John Adams
pushed for the declaration of independence, was not at the convention
William Patterson
New Jersey Plan writer, opposed Virginia Plan, equality of states
Governor Morris
wanted to get rid of slavery, big abolitionist
John Rutledge
from South Carolina (🥳), big slavery advocate (👎)
George Mason
didn’t end up signing the constitution because it did not have a Bill of Rights
Roger Sherman
proposes the Great Compromise, from connecticut
Alexander Hamilton
important for ratification, writes a lot of the federalist papers
James Wilson
proposes the 3/5 Compromise, important for ratifying the constitution in Philadelphia
Edmond Randolph
presented the Virginia Plan
Benjamin Franklin
important for making the Compromise happen, philosophical, pushes for peace
the Bill of Rights is the price of what?
the constitution
1st amendment
freedom of religion, speech, assembly, press, petition
2nd amendment
right to bear arms (finger guns)
3rd amendment
quartering act (circle with pinter finger and thumb like a quarter)- army can’t live in your house
4th amendment
no unreasonable search or seizure (4 fingers to forehead like you’re looking)
5th amendment
double jeopardy, due process, right to a jury (criminal), no self-incrimination
6th amendment
right to a speedy trial (3 fingers each hand and fake running)
7th amendment
right to trial by jury in civil cases (2 finger in front of = defendant and prosecutor, 5 finger behind = jury)
8th amendment
no cruel and unusual punishment (no thumbs, theirs used to have their thumbs cut off)
9th amendment
just because it’s not written here doesn’t mean that those rights don’t exist
10th amendment
power not written in the constitution is pushed (delegated) to the states (10 fingers pushing)
three great oughts (not explicitly written but implied)
privacy, freedom of expression, freedom of conscience
opportunity cost
next best opportunity, what is lost when you choose to do something else
law of demand
when the price goes up, demand goes up
law of supply
when the price goes up, quantity supplied also goes up
equilibrium point
when law of demand and supply meet; no shortages, no crazy prices
comparative advantage
everyone can do something in the lowest opportunity cost
specialization
decided to focus on one thing that you can benefit from
letter to the Danbury Baptist Association
Thomas Jefferson assuring the church that there will be no laws that will limit their ability to worship
first political parties
republican and federalist
Republican Party
Leaders: Jefferson and Madison
Wanted: everyone to be wise and farmers
Federalist Party
Leaders: John Adams and Alexander Hamilton
Wanted: a strong empire, city type world
Cobra Effect
government laws with unintended consequences (Stamp Act)
John Locke and Adam Smith
similar ideas; smith wanted to give the power of economics and markets to the people, locke wants government to be the power of the people
ratification
9/13 states had to ratify
Federalist 10
factions (James Madison) large republic = no power to factions
Federalist 39
states vs. national government. Balance in power. (Madison)
Federalist 51
Separations of Powers, checks and balances. (James Madison) Separation: Judicial, executive, legislative. Checks & Balances: how the different powers can limit the other 2s powers
Federalist 78
how the supreme court’s/other courts work. Interprets laws and the constitution. No states vs. states (Hamilton)
Brutus V
Necessary & proper clause is no no.
Brutus I
too much power away from the states and gives it to the government.
Marbury vs Madison
Judicial Review
Constitution articles LEJSASR
Legislative (1)
Executive (2)
Judicial (3)
States (powers that the states have vs the constitution)
Amendments (how to amend the constitution)
Supremacy Clause (constitution is the supreme law of the land)
Ratification (9/13 states)
