Living World Flashcards
Biology is the science of?
1.life forms
2.living processes
When was ernst mayr born and died
Born on -5th july 1904
Died in year-2004
Where was ernst mayr born
In Kempten,Germany.
Who is ernst mayr?
Harvard university evolutionary biologist
What was the other name of ernst mayr
“THE DARWIN OF THE 20TH CENTURY”
When did ernst mayr join Hardvards faculty of arts and sciences?
He joined in 1953 and retired in 1975.He assumed the title-“Alexander AGASSIZ PROFESSOR OF ZOOLOGY EMERITUS”
Ernst mayrs research included?
1.Ornithology
2.Taxonomy.
3.Zoogeography.
4.Evolution
5.Systematics.
6.History and philosophy of biology
Who pioneered what definition
Ernst mayr pioneered the currently accepted definition of a biological species
What awards did mayr recieve?
TRIPLE CROWN OF BIOLOGY:
1.BALZAN PRIZE IN 1983
2.THE INTERNATIONAL PRIZE FOR BIOLOGY IN 1994
3.THE CRAFOORD PRIZE IN 1999
What are the twin characteristics of growth?
1.Increase in mass
2.Increase in number
In what kind of animals growth and reproduction are mutually exclusive events?
In majority of higher animals and plants ,growth and reproduction are mutually exclusive events.
What is considered as growth?
Increase in body mass
Asexual reproduction in lower organisms
Yeast-Budding
Hydra-Budding
Planaria(flat worms)-True regeneration
Fungi-easily reproduce by fragmentation
Filamentous algae-easily reproduce by fragmentation
Protonema of mosses-easily reproduce by fragmentation
Number of species that are KNOWN and DESCRIBED range between?
1.7-1.8 million species(1.25million animals and 0.5million plants)
ICBN FULL FORM
Internation code FOR botanical nomenclature
ICZN FULL FORM
International code OF zoological nomenclature
Rules for binomial nomenclature
1.Biological names are generally in latin.
2.They are written in italics.
3.They are latinised or derived from latin irrespective of their origin.
4.When handwritten they are underlined.
5.They are printed in italics to indicate their latin origin.
6.Genus=capital letter & specific epithet=small letter
What forms the basis of modern taxonomy?
1.External structures(morphology)
2.Internal structures(anatomy)
3.structure of cell(cytology)
4.developmental processes.
5.ecological information of organisms.
What are basic to taxonomy?
1.Characterisation
2.Identification.
3.Classification.
4.Nomenclature.
Earliest classifcation was based on?
It was based on their ‘uses’.
Systematics?
1.It is derived from latin
2.’Systema’ mns systematic arrangement of organisms.
3.Linneaus used ‘Systema naturae’ as the title of his publication.
4.It involves:identification
Nomenclature
Classification
Evolutionary relationships between
organisms.
Unit of classification?
Taxon
Properties of life:
1.Growth is NOT the defining property of living organisms.
2.Reproduction is a characteristic of living organisms.
–>Reproduction is not an all inclusive defining characteristic of living organisms.
3.Metabolism is characteristic of life.
–>Metabolism is defining feature of all living organisms.
4.Cellular organisation of the body if defining feature of life forms.
5.Consciousness is defining property of living organisms.
Scientific names
1.Human being—Homo sapiens
2.Mango—Mangifera indica
3.Potato—Solanum tuberosum
4.Lion—Panthera leo
5.Tiger—Panthera tigris
6.Brinjal—Solanum melongena
7.Makoi—Solanum nigrum
8.Leopard—Panthera pardus
9.Housefly—Musca domestica
10.Triticum aestivum—Wheat
11.Ficus benghalensis—banyan tree
12.Apis indica—honey bee
13.Solanum lycopersicum—tomato
14.Pheretima posthuma —earthworm
