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Science > Living Things And Cells > Flashcards

Living Things And Cells Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Biology

A

Is the study of living things

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2
Q

MRSFERG

A

Movement
Respiration
Sensitivity
Feeding
Excretion
Reproduction
Growth

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3
Q

Movement

A

Animals move from place to place.

Plants do not move from place to place. They move when they grow when a flower opens and closes it’s petals.

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4
Q

Respiration

A

Respiration is the way living things get energy. They take in oxygen and mix it with food to get energy

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5
Q

Organisim

A

An Organism is a living thing

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6
Q

Sensitivity

A

Sensitivity is the ability to react to changes in the environment. Animals with run away from danger, a plant will grow towards light.

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7
Q

Feeding

A

Animals do not make their own food. They got their food by eating plant and other animals. plants can make their own food

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8
Q

Photosynthesis

A

The way in which plants make food is called photosynthesis.
They need a green dye called chlorophyll. This is why plants are green

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9
Q

Excretion

A

Exrection is the removal of waste made in the body, from the body. Animals excrete carbon dioxide, water, urea and salts

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10
Q

Reproduction

A

Reproduction is being able to make new individuals of the same kind, E.g Babies, new plants, puppies.

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11
Q

Growth

A

Growth results from cell division.

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12
Q

Cell membrane

A

Very thin layer that surrounds the cell. Holds cell contents in place and controls what passes into and out of the cell

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13
Q

Nucleus

A

Nucleus is normally round. It acts as the control centre of the cell. It has the DNA

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14
Q

Cytoplasm

A

The watery liquid found between the nucleus and the cell membrane

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15
Q

Mitochondria

A

Supply energy to the cell.

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16
Q

Cell wall

A

Found outside the cell membrane of a plant cell. Gives strength to the cell

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17
Q

Vacuole

A

Space containing water sugar and wastes - gives strength to the cell

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18
Q

Chloroplasts

A

Contain chlorophyll to help make food and using sunlight (photosynthesis)

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19
Q

Invertebrates

A

Animals that do not have a backbone are called invertebrates e.g. worm

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20
Q

Vertebrates

A

Animals that have a backbone are called vertebrates. E.g. dog. Vertebrates are normally bigger and more complex animals are invertebrates

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21
Q

States of matter (LSGP)

A

Liquid
Solid
Gas
Plasma

22
Q

Matter

A

Matter: anything that occupies space and has mass

23
Q

Mass

A

Mass: is the amount of matter in an object

24
Q

3 States of matter

A

Solid
Liquid
Gases

25
Q

Properties of solids

A

Solids have a definite shape
Solids have a definite volume
Solids cannot be compressed
Solids cannot flow

26
Q

Properties of liquids

A

Liquids have no definite shape
Liquids have no definite volume
Liquids cannot be compressed
Liquids can flow

27
Q

Gases

A

Gases have no definite shape
Gases have no definite volume
Gases can be compressed
Gases can flow

28
Q

Heat Energy

A

In order for a substance to change state (from a solid to a liquid, or liquid to a gas) it needs heat energy

29
Q

Latent Heat

A

As a substance changes state, it uses latent heat. There is no change to temperature, but the state of the material changes.

30
Q

Melting point

A

The melting point is when both the solid and liquid state exist together (changing from a solid to a liquid).

31
Q

Boiling Point

A

The boiling point of a liquid is when evaporation begins to happen throughout the liquid (changing from a liquid to a gas).

32
Q

Condensation

A

Condensation is the changing of a gas to a liquid.

33
Q

Diffusion

A

Diffusion is the movement from particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration e.g. spray perfume in one corner of the room, it spreads to the rest of the room

34
Q

Plasma

A

A plasma if the fourth state of matter, like gas, but can conduct electricity

35
Q

Mixture

A

A mixture consists of two or more substances mingled together but not chemically combined e.g. sand and water

36
Q

There are four methods of separating mixtures (FEDC)

A

Filtration
Evaporation
Distillation
Chromatography

37
Q

Filtration

A

Used to separate Small insoluble solids (do not dissolve in a liquid) from a liquid by using filter paper and a funnel to trap the solids

38
Q

Evaporation

A

Used to separate soluble solids (dissolve in liquids) from a solution by evaporating off the liquid to leave the solids. E.g. salt water.

39
Q

Physical change

A

No change in particles, just the particle arrangement and energy, easy to reverse e.g. mixing water and salt.

40
Q

Chemical change

A

A chemical reaction takes place and a new substance is formed, very difficult to reverse e.g. burning a match

41
Q

During a chemical reaction

A

The atoms rearrange to form a new substance. Might be sen by colour change, temperature change, light being emitted or bubbles.

42
Q

Law of conservation of mass

A

Matter can be change from one form to another. During physical and chemical changes, there is no overall change in mass.

43
Q

Distillation

A

Use to separate two liquids with different boiling points such as alcohol (boils at 78%) and water (boils at 100°). Also used to separate soluble solid from a liquid (e.g. seawater) to give a pure sample of each.

44
Q

Chromatography

A

Used to separate a mixture of dissolves substances in a solution. E.g. the diff ent colours in a black marker.

45
Q

Insoluble

A

Does not dissolve in a liquid

46
Q

Soluble

A

Dissolves In a liquid

47
Q

Residue

A

The soil left in the filter paper after filtration

48
Q

Filtrate

A

The clean water that comes after filtration

49
Q

Solvent

A

The liquid that a solid is dissolved into

50
Q

Solute

A

The solid that is left behind after evaporation

51
Q

Miscible

A

Liquids that mix together e.g. alcohol and water

Science (3 decks)

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