Living Characteristics Flashcards
What are the four characteristics of Life
- Made of Cells
- Contains similar chemicals and use energy
- respond to surroundings
- grow, develop and reproduce
What is an organism
Any living thing
What is a cell
The basic unit of structure and function in living things
What is unicellular vs multicellular
- unicellular - one celled organism
- multicellular - many celled organism
What are similar chemicals
- water
- carbohydrates
- proteins
- lipids (fats)
- nucleic acid (dna)
What are growth and development
- growth - becoming larger
- development - change that leads to maturity
What do multicellular organisms do to become larger or replace cells that have died
Make new cells
What is a stimulus
A change or signal in the environment that can make an organism react in some way
What is a response
An action or change in behavior
Give an example of stimulus and response
Stimulus - touching baby’s hand
Response - hand / fingers curl
What is reproduction
- creating offspring similar to parent
Compare asexual to sexual reproduction
- asexual - only one parent
- sexual - two parents
Give an example of asexual reproduction
Hydra
What organisms reproduce sexually
- mammals, birds, most plants
What is spontaneous generation
- the mistaken idea that living things arise from non living sources
What experiment destroyed the idea of spontaneous generation? When was this experiment conducted
- Redis experiment watching maggots hatch from meat after observing flies on them
- 1600s
What is the second major experiment to debunk spontaneous generation
-Pasteurs experiment
- boiled broth, exposed some broth to bacteria after, some not exposed to bacteria..
- broth with bacteria became cloudy
What is a control group
- group that is exposed to all variables as the experimental, except for the variable being tested
What is an experimental group
- group exposed to all variable of an experiment, including variable being tested
Compare autotrophs and heterotrophs
- autotroph - make their own energy - use suns energy to convert water and a gas into food
- heterotroph - consumers - eat autotroph
- auto - self
- hetero- other
- troph - feeder
What is homeostasis
The maintenance of a stable internal condition
