Livestock/Production Animal Patient Care Flashcards
(17 cards)
Types of livestock services (3)
- Ambulatory
- Individual medicine, surgery and reproduction
- On farm herd health
What are livestock/production animal emergencies? (8)
- Reproductive: Uterine prolapse, dystocia
- Abdominal: RDA, rumen acidosis, bloat
- Metabolic: milk fever, hypo
- Urinary obstruction
- Laceration to udder or milk vein
- Airway obstruction
- Toxic mastitis
- Downer cow
What needs to be ready on livestock call outs? (6)
- Triage
- Equipment
- Cars
- Consent forms
- Safety of you, the team and the animal
- Biosecurity protocols
Common livestock/production animal procedures
- Disbudding – including cornual blocks
- Consulting
- Surgical procedures and surgical nursing
- Patient treatments
- Patient restraint
- Emergencies
- Dystocia
- Necropsy
- Livestock husbandry – vaccinations
- Herd Health Data collection
- Client communication
- Radiography
- Livestock movement
- In house Lab testing
- Blood Collection
- Upholding biosecurity protocols
- Lameness
- CLEANING!
Equipment needed for Ambulatory service:
- Surgery kit, surgical drape, gloves and gown boxes suture material, scalpel blades
- Mineral drench’s and Oral drenching
equipment - Lameness gear
- Calving jack, fetotomes, obstetrics box for dystocia
- Stainless steel buckets
- Surgical preparation solutions
- Cleaning solutions such as Virkon and F10
- Clinical exam and needle and syringe boxes
- Bandage box
- Examination and rectal gloves
- Clippers
- RMT solution and testing dishes
- Fridges containing treatments
- Halters and ropes
What are the vet/techs roles on call out?
- Triage the call
- Cars are ready to go
- Client consent forms
- Ensure the safety of yourself and the team around you.
- Clinical exam and history taking of the patient
- Assist with the set up
- Assist with the administering of treatments to the patient.
- Assist in the clean up
- Always follow clinic biosecurity protocols.
What are important to remember in patient admissions? (6)
- Owner consent forms must be
filled out at initial consultation - Hospital charts must be filled out daily
- Patients must be weighed daily (SA hospital)
- Cages and pens must be cleaned daily
- Patients must be fed daily
- Medications must be given as per hospital chart
How to place livestock/production animal IV/Catheters? (8)
- Locate the jugular or vein
- Choose a catheter that will suit
- Clip and Prep the area
- Place catheter
- Secure with either suture or superglue
- Affix either t-port or extension set
- Discuss with clinician your fluid of choice and why
- Attach fluids to giving set and administer to patient.
What is needed to administer oral fluids to livestock/production animals?
- Frick speculum
- Pump
- Oral tubing
- Buckets of water and any medications
How do we orally medicate large animals? (5)
- Restrain the patient and pass the Frick speculum.
- Pass the oral tubing
- Check it is in place
- Pump the fluids
- Kink the hose twice and remove
Where can blood be taken from in livestock/production animals? ()
- Jugular
- Coccygeal (tail) vein
- Arterial veins
- Subcutaneous abdominal (milk) vein (cattle)
- Cephalic vein (sheep)
Common blood collection vials for livestock/production animal:
- 2, 4 or 10ml EDTA (purple top)
- 2, 4 or 10ml clot (red top)
- 4ml Lith hep (green top)
Common surgical procedures for livestock/production animal:
- Castration
- LDA/RDA
- Surgical dehorning
- Caesarean
- Rumenotomy
- Rumenostomy (rumen fistula)
- Disbudding
- Prolapses (uterine and vaginal)
- Blocked urinary tract
- Umbical hernia repair
- Mammory laceration repair
- Laceration repair
- Exploratory laparotomy
- Eye enucleation
Surgery prep (animal) for livestock/production animals:
Most done standing under local anaesthetic and sedation.
1. Restrain the patient in the crush facility
2. Administer chemical restraint if required
3. Clip the area
4. Wash down with plain water first
5. Three stages of prep
What are the three stages of prep for livestock/production animal?
First stage - prep with chlorhexidine wash
Second prep of surgical alcohol
Third - Chlorhexidine concentrate and methylated spritis.
- Local anaesthetic can now be administered
Surgery prep (vet) for livestock/production animals:
- Gowns and gloves in appropriate sizes.
- Assist with gowning and gloving.
- Open the surgical pack
- Place scalpel blades onto the kit
- Suture material and flush
- Administration of post operative
analgesia and antibiotics - Spray a topical antibiotic and fly repellent.
- All sharps are to be removed from the kit
- Kit can then be scrubbed and ready for processing.
Common biosecurity protocol: (7)
- Wash boots of gross contaminants.
- Disinfect equipment and boots with F10 or Virkon
- Change overalls between farms and patients
- Remove overalls before getting into the car if heavily soiled.
- Wear examination gloves when touching patients
- Place all contaminants into biosecurity bags and dispose of
- Uphold excellent personal hygiene
