Liverpool Flashcards
What were the dates of the Napoleonic Wars?
1803-1815
When were the Corn Laws introduced?
1815
When were the Game Laws introduced?
1816
When was the Income Tax repealed and who opposed it?
1816, Liverpool opposed
Which acts were introduced in 1817? What were they nicknamed?
Suspension of the Habeus Corpus
Seditious Meetings Act
Death Penalty for incitement to mutiny
Nicknamed ‘Gag Acts’
What were the Six Acts and when were they introduced?
1) Seditious Meetings Act
2) Training Prevention Act
3) Seizure of Arms Act
4) Misdemeanours Act
5) Blasphemous & seditious libels act
6) Newspaper Stamp Duties Act
Introduced 1819
When did Luddism begin and end? What was it?
Began 1811, ended 1816
The destruction of new machines that replaced the jobs of labourers in factories, most commonly in textiles mills
What did Cartwright found? When?
The Hampden Clubs, 1812
What were the aims of the Hampden clubs?
To get the working and middle classes. Became political unions organised by Northern working men
Which radical spokesperson hosted open air meetings?
Henry ‘Orator’ Hunt
What is William Cobett most renowned for?
Development of the radical press. Founded the Political Register
When were the Spa Field riots? What were they?
- Called for parliamentary reform. Demanded universal make suffrage, annual general elections, secret ballot. Attended by Hunt & Thistlewood. Thistlewood led mob to London- robbed an arms shop, planned to seize Tower of London but intercepted by police.
What was attacked in 1817?
The Prince Regent’s carriage
Which event, otherwise known and the Pentrich Rising, took place in 1817?
The Derbyshire Insurrection.
Armed March to London to declare a provisional government. Infiltrated by Oliver the Spy- told they would meet up with groups of other rebels but none arrived- met by troops. 45 tried for high treason.
Which event in 1819 was named after the battle of Waterloo? What happened?
Peterloo.
50-60 thousand met in field near Manchester, addressed by Hunt. Local magistrates order yeomanry to charge on crowd. 11 killed, 400 wounded.
Explain the Cato Street conspiracy.
Unsuccessful plot to murder entire cabinet and PM. Stable in Cato Street as HQ. Whole event closely monitored by government.
How much threat did events 1811-22 pose? Argue for threat.
- Government genuinely fearful- Cato str, Derbyshire Insurrection.
- Backdrop of French Revolution
- Thompson said Pentrich was “one of the first attempts on history to mount a wholly proletarian insurrection”.
How much threat did events pose 1811-22? Argue against threat.
- Reality was that revolution was never a real threat.
- Weaknesses of radicals: divided aims/ divided methods/ poor leadership/ infiltrated by spies.
- lacked pre-conditions for revolution
Historians have highlighted that actual threat was almost non-existent, perceived threat more important.
How repressive were the policies? Give the traditional view.
1) unfair government economic policies that hit the poor
2) no attempts to tackle root problems
3) reaction to the agitation heavy handed
4) threat was exaggerated
How repressive were the policies? Give revisionist view.
1) economic situation created problems
2) tentative attempts made to help poor
3) G. Couldn’t cure problems of distress
4) threat was real to many
5) perceived repressive policies were lenient
6) other actions can be defended- eg few resources available to defend law and order
Give a conclusion on the revolutionary threat.
- to contemporaries it was real.
- tiny revolutionary fringe did exist on edges of essentially law-abiding radical movement. Wanted reform not revolution.
- response not very repressive- relatively moderate given the tools at their disposal.
With whom did public sympathy lie in the Queen Caroline affair?
With Caroline- seemed less guilty than already unpopular George.
What did the Prince of Wales appoint in 1818?
A commission to investigate his wife’s activities abroad in hope of gaining a divorce on grounds of adultery. Seems hypocritical coming from him.
When did ‘liberal Toryism’ begin?
After 1819
