liveran - Computers and IT Flashcards
a device that accepts input, processes data, stores data, and produces output, all according to a series of stored instructions
Computer
Information Processing Cycle
- input
- processing
- output
- storage
accepts data
input
processes data
processing
produces output
output
stores results
storage
ultimate ancestor of today’s computers
the arithmetic tool of early merchants used to aid in handling numerical/logical
computations
abacus
“Father of Computing”
invented the Analytical and Difference Engines
born on December 26, 1791
in Teignmouth, Devonshire in the UK
charles babbage
was based on the Method of Differences
was powered by steam
embodied the basic concepts and elements of a modern general-purpose computer
difference engine
utilized I/O media called Jacquard’s punched cards
punch cards are used for storing operating instructions (programs), and would have been able to store around 1,000 numbers of up to 50 decimal places
also allowed output devices for displaying results
analytical
were based on the use of wired circuits containing vacuum tubes
utilized punch cards as the main storage medium
designed for a specific task
used binary codes of “machine language”
first generation
a hulk of machinery consist of 18,000 vacuum tubes, 70,000 resistors, and 5 million soldered joints, and occupied a space equal to a small warehouse
electronic numerical integrator and computer
a pioneer in implementing von Neumann’s architecture the key to which was the Central Processing Unit (CPU)which allowed all compute functions to be coordinated through a single source
electronic discrete variable automatic computer
development of the “transistor”
smaller size and increased reliability faster and more energy-efficient than their predecessors
used “assembly language”
second generation
“integration”
the first integrated circuit (IC) was invented independently by Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce
third generation
