Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas

Question 1

What is the primary purpose of administering diuretics to a client with cirrhosis and ascites?

Answer 1

To reduce sodium and fluid retention, helping manage ascites

Question 2

What complication should a nurse monitor for in a client receiving morphine for pancreatitis pain?

Answer 2

Respiratory depression

Question 3

What dietary change is essential for a client with pancreatitis?

Answer 3

Avoid fatty foods to help reduce pain and prevent exacerbations

Question 4

What is a hallmark lab finding in a client with acute pancreatitis?

Answer 4

Increased serum amylase and lipase

Question 5

What is the recommended action for a nurse when monitoring a client with cirrhosis and a low platelet count?

Answer 5

Assess for signs of bleeding due to the increased risk from low platelets

Question 6

What is a common side effect of Chenodiol in the treatment of gallstones?

Answer 6

Diarrhea

Question 7

What is an important aspect of postoperative care following laparoscopic cholecystectomy?

Answer 7

Monitoring the T-tube output to ensure proper bile drainage

Question 8

What is a common sign of hepatic encephalopathy in a client with cirrhosis?

Answer 8

Asterixis (flapping tremor)

Question 9

What condition is suggested by changes in mental status, asterixis, and elevated ammonia levels in a client with cirrhosis?

Answer 9

Hepatic encephalopathy

Question 10

What is the main function of lactulose in a client with cirrhosis?

Answer 10

Detoxify ammonia and promote it’s excretion

Question 11

What dietary change is recommended for a client with chronic cholecystitis?

Answer 11

low-fat diet

Question 12

Which medication should a nurse expect to be prescribed to manage esophageal varicose in cirrhosis?

Answer 12

Vasopressin

Question 13

What is common complication of chronic pancreatitis related to digestion?

Answer 13

Steatorrhea (fatty, foul-smelling stools)

Question 14

What position should be maintained for a client with acute pancreatitis to alleviate discomfort?

Answer 14

Semi-Fowler’s position

Question 15

What condition is most likely to be associated with a serum bilirubin level of 3.0 mg/dL?

Answer 15

Jaundice

Question 16

What medication is commonly prescribed for a client with cirrhosis to reduce fluid retention?

Answer 16

Spironolactone

Question 17

What complication should the nurse monitor for after an open cholecystectomy?

Answer 17

Respiratory complications, such as atelectasis

Question 18

What is the first action for a nurse when a client with acute pancreatitis presents with severe pain?

Answer 18

Relieving abdominal pain

Question 19

What is an expected clinical manifestation of hepatocellular jaundice?

Answer 19

Fatigue, nausea, and malaise

Question 20

What complication should be immediately reported in a client who has recently undergone a laparoscopic cholecystectomy?

Answer 20

Excessive bile drainage greater that 500mL in 24 hours

Question 21

What is a major risk factor for the development of chronic pancreatitis?

Answer 21

Chronic alcohol use

Question 22

What finding in a client with cirrhosis is associated with worsening hepatic encephalopathy?

Answer 22

A change in handwriting or cognitive performance

Question 23

What is the most common diagnostic test for diagnosing gallbladder disease?

Answer 23

Ultrasound

Question 24

What sign should the nurse look for in a client with cirrhosis to assess for esophageal varicose?

Answer 24

Signs of GI bleeding

Question 25

What medication should the nurse expect for a client with cirrhosis to help reduce portal pressure and control bleeding?

Answer 25

Beta-blockers

Question 26

What would indicate a complication of pancreatitis related to the respiratory system?

Answer 26

Increased respiratory rate and abnormal blood gas values

Question 27

What medication is commonly used to reduce portal pressure and prevent bleeding in esophageal varices for a client with cirrhosis?

Answer 27

Propranolol (beta-blocker)

Question 28

What medication is used to treat ascites in clients with cirrhosis by promoting fluid removal?

Answer 28

Spironolactone (diuretic)

Question 29

What is the purpose of administering Lactulose to a client with hepatic encephalopathy?

Answer 29

To reduce serum ammonia levels by promoting its excretion in the stool

Question 30

What medication is used to reduce pruritus (itching) in clients with liver disorders?

Answer 30

Cholestyramine

Question 31

What is the function of Ursodiol (Actigall) in clients with gallstones?

Answer 31

It helps dissolve cholesterol-based gallstones

Question 32

What medication should be used cautiously in clients with cirrhosis to prevent bleeding and promote blood clotting?

Answer 32

Vitamin K

Question 33

What is the primary use of Kanamycin in the management of cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy?

Answer 33

It decreases intestinal bacteria to lower ammonia production

Question 34

What is the role of Octreotide (Sandostatin) in the treatment of cirrhosis-related complications?

Answer 34

It is used to control bleeding in esophageal varices

Question 35

What medication is typically prescribed for pain management in a client with acute pancreatitis?

Answer 35

Opioids (morphine, fentanyl)

Question 36

Which medication helps reduce the secretion of gastric acid and protect the stomach lining in clients with pancreatitis?

Answer 36

Omeprazole

Question 37

What medication is used to treatment inflammation of the gallbladder (cholecystitis)?

Answer 37

Antibiotics such as Kanamycin or Neomycin

Question 38

What medication is used to treat infection and bacterial growth in the gut in clients with pancreatitis?

Answer 38

IV antibiotics (Ceftriaxone)

Question 39

Which medication is used to lower cholesterol levels in clients with liver disease?

Answer 39

Statins (atorvastatin)

Question 40

What is the use of Neomycin in the management of hepatic encephalopathy?

Answer 40

It reduces the number of ammonia-producing bacteria in the intestines

Question 41

Which medication is used in the treatment of gallstones by altering bile composition?

Answer 41

Chenodiol

Question 42

What is the role of Beta-blockers like Propranolol in the management of cirrhosis with portal hypertension?

Answer 42

They reduce portal pressure by decreasing heart rate and blood flow to the splanchnic vasculature

Question 43

What medication is used to treat the metabolic complications of cirrhosis, such as vitamin deficiencies?

Answer 43

Vitamin B complex, Vitamin K, Vitamin C, and Iron

Question 44

A nurse is caring for a client with cirrhosis. Which of the following interventions is most appropriate for managing portal hypertension? 1. Administer oral iron supplements 2. Monitor for signs of esophageal varices 3. Encourage a high-fat diet 4. Restrict sodium to 3g/day

Answer 44

2. Monitor for signs of esophageal varices -Portal hypertension can lead to esophageal varices, which can rupture and cause bleeding. Monitoring for signs of bleeding is crucial

Question 45

A client with cirrhosis presents with ascites. What is the most appropriate intervention? 1. Restrict fluids to 500mL daily 2. Administer diuretics as prescribed 3. Encourage high-sodium foods 4. Increase dietary protein intake

Answer 45

2. Administer diuretics as prescribed -Diuretics help reduce fluid retention in clients with ascites

Question 46

A nurse is caring for a client with acute pancreatitis. Which of the following should the nurse prioritize? 1. Administer opioid pain medications 2. Maintain NPO status to reduce pancreatic secretion 3. Encourage oral fluids to maintain hydration 4. Monitor for signs of hypoglycemia

Answer 46

2. Maintain NPO status to reduce pancreatic secretion -NPO status helps prevent further pancreatic stimulation, which is essential in managing acute pancreatitis

Question 47

Which of the following lab findings would suggest that a client with cirrhosis is at risk for bleeding? 1. Elevated ammonia levels 2. Prolonged prothrombin time (PT) 3. Increased WBC count 4. Elevated bilirubin levels

Answer 47

2. Prolonged prothrombin time (PT) -Prolonged PT indicated impaired clotting factor synthesis, increasing the risk for bleeding

Question 48

The nurse is caring for a client with gallstones. Which medication is most likely to be prescribed for this condition? 1. Ursodiol 2. Morphine sulfate 3. Lactulose 4. Propranolol

Answer 48

1. Ursodiol -Ursodiol is used to dissolve gallstones and is commonly prescribed for clients with gallstones

Question 49

Which assessment finding in a client with cirrhosis would indicate hepatic encephalopathy? 1. Tachycardia 2. Asterixis (flapping tremor) 3. Increased white blood cell count 4. Elevated potassium levels

Answer 49

Asterixis (flapping tremor) -Asterixis is a characteristic sign of hepatic encephalopathy, indication the liver’s inability to detoxify ammonia

Question 50

A nurse is administering lactulose to a client with cirrhosis. What is the expected outcome of this medication? 1. Decreased serum ammonia levels 2. Increased serum potassium levels 3. Increased urine output 4. Reduced steatorrhea

Answer 50

1. Decreased serum ammonia levels -Lactulose reduces ammonia levels by promoting its excretion through the bowel, which helps manage hepatic encephlopathy

Question 51

A nurse is providing education to a client diagnosed with hep C. What is the most important teaching point? 1. Hep C is curable with a single course of antibiotics 2. Alcohol should be avoided to prevent liver damage 3. Vitamin K supplements will improve liver function 4. Regular blood transfusions are required for treatment

Answer 51

2. Alcohol should be avoided to prevent liver damage -Avoiding alcohol is essential for clients with Hep C to prevent further liver damage

Question 52

What is an important consideration when a client is prescribed Chenodiol for gallstones?

Answer 52

Monitor for diarrhea Chenodiol can cause diarrhea as a side effect, monitoring is essential

Question 53

Client underwent paracentesis and was being monitored for complications. What would require immediate action from the nurse?

Answer 53

A sudden drop in blood pressure -Sudden drop in blood pressure may indicate hypovolemia, a possible complication from the removal of large volumes of fluid

Question 54

What is an important intervention during recovery after a laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Answer 54

Early ambulation, encourage it. -Early ambulation helps prevents complications such as deep vein thrombosis and promotes healing after surgery.

Question 55

A client with cirrhosis is at risk for bleeding. What is the most important assessment a nurse is to perform?

Answer 55

Checking for petechiae and bruising -Clients with cirrhosis are at risk for bleeding due to impaired clotting factor production. Monitoring for petechiae and bruising is crucial

Question 56

When monitoring a client with acute pancreatitis, an immediate intervention would be:

Answer 56

A blood pressure of 80/60 -Hypotension can indicate shock or severe complications, and requires immediate intervention

Question 57

Client that has liver cirrhosis and is prescribed a low-protein diet, what would indicate they would need further teaching about low-protein?

Answer 57

Eating eggs for additional protein -Those with cirrhosis need to limit protein to avoid increasing ammonia levels. Eggs, being high in protein, should be limited

Question 58

What should a nurse instruct a client to do that is preparing for an ultrasound, to diagnose gallstones?

Answer 58

Fasting for 12 hours before the procedure -Fasting ensures that the gallbladder is full of bile, which improves visualization of gallstones during the ultrasound

Question 59

Client has a platelet count of 50,000/mm3. What would be a priority for the nurse to assess?

Answer 59

Assess for signs of bleeding -A low platelet count increases the risk of bleeding, so assessing for signs of bleeding would be the priority

Question 60

What is the purpose of a lithotripsy procedure for a client that has gallstones?

Answer 60

To break up gallstones using shock waves -Lithotripsy uses shock waves to break up gallstones, making them easier to pass or remove.

Question 61

What does a client with chronic pancreatitis that has steatorrhea, indicate?

Answer 61

Impaired fat digestion -Steatorrhea, characterized by frothy and foul-smelling stools, is due to fat malabsorption commonly seen in chronic pancreatitis