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Liver Function Tests Flashcards

1
Q

Give me 4 excretory function tests for LFT

A
  1. Test for urobilinogen and other bilirubin pigments
  2. Icterus Index
  3. Dye Excretion Tests (BSP, ICG)
  4. Serum Bilirubin
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2
Q

ENUMERATE METABOLIC FUNCTION TESTS

A
  1. Carbohydrate Metabolism
  2. Galactose tolerance test
  3. OGTT
  4. Protein Metabolism
  5. TP, A/G ratio
  6. cephalin cholesterol floccculation test
  7. Thymol Turbidity Test
  8. HIppuric acid test
  9. Lipid Metabolism
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3
Q

Parenchymal Liver Markers (6)

A

ALT, AST, AST/ALT (De Ritis Ratio) - LDH, ICC (isocitrate dehydrogenase), OCT (ornithine carbamolytransferase).

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4
Q

Indicators of hepatobiliary disorders- NON- parenchymal markers (4)

A

ALP, GGT, 5’ Nuleotidase, LAP

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5
Q

Typical lab findings in acute hepatitis of various causes (5)

A
  1. Viral
  2. Alcoholic
  3. Ischemic/Toxic
  4. Drug-induced (iatrogenic)
  5. Autoimmune
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6
Q

PEAK AST and ALT

A

Ischemic/Toxic

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7
Q

Less than 1 AST/ALT Ratio

A

Viral, Drug-induced, and Autoimmune

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8
Q

GREATER than 1 AST/ALT ratio
- HIgher AST than ALT

A

Alcoholic and Ischemic or Toxic

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9
Q

Longest duration among the acute hepatitis causes

A

Autoimmune

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10
Q

PEAK ALP less than 3 URL

A

Viral and alcoholic

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11
Q

PEAK ALP LESS THAN 1.5 URL

A

Ischemic or toxic

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12
Q

PEAK ALP GREATER THAN 3 URL

A

Drug-induced abd autoimmune

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13
Q

8 TESTS FOR BILIRUBIN

A
  1. Evelyn- Malloy
  2. Jendrassik and grof
  3. Anino,Ducci and Watson
  4. Stoner and Wiseberg
  5. Modified Michaelson
  6. Thamhauser and Anderson
  7. Alkaline methanolysis
  8. Icterus Index
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14
Q

Technique used in Evelyn- Malloy and Jendrassik and Grof

A

AZOBILIRUBIN TECHNIQUE

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15
Q

What is needed to be mixed so that the IB is solubilize

A

Methanol- (Evelyn- Malloy)
Caffeine-sodium benzoate (JG)

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16
Q

Calculated from the difference between the TB and DB values

A

IB fraction

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17
Q

The diazotized product of EM method

A

BILIRUBIN-DIAZOTIZED SULFANILIC ACID

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18
Q

EM or JG: Red to reddish-purple color in an acid pH (HCl)

19
Q

EM OR JG: the product has an absorption maxium at 560 nm

20
Q

EM OR JG: Methanol is used as a disassociating agent

21
Q

What is the buffer and coupling accelerator used in JG method

A

Sodium acetate (buffer)
Sodium benzoate (coupling accelerator)

22
Q

How is diazotization terminated in the JG method?

A

By adding ascorbic aciid

23
Q

EM OR JG: with the use of a STRONG ALKALINE TARTRATE solution, THE PINK AZOBILIRUBIN is then converted to a BLUE AZOBILIRUBIN

24
Q

Defect in uptake (B1 is elevated)

A

GILBERT SYNDROME

25
Q

Defect in hepatic glucuronyl transferase (B1 is elevated)

A

CRIGLER NAJJAR SYNDROME

26
Q

Defect in transport extracellularly (B2 is elevated)

A

DUBIN-JOHNSON SYNNDROME

27
Q

Causes of HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA
increased unconjugated bilirubin

A

Hemolysis
Red cell degradation
Defective hepatocellular uptake

28
Q

INCREASED CONJUGATED BILIRUBIN

A

Intrahepatic disruption
Bile duct disease
Extrahepatic bile duct obstruction

29
Q

Screening Test for Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)

A

Ultrasonography

30
Q

Confirmatory test for NAFLD

31
Q

-Screening test for hemochromatosis
-Confirmatory test?

A

-Serum Fe, TIBC, ferritin
-HFE gene analysis

32
Q

Screening and Confirmatory Test for Wilson’s Disease

A

S: Ceruloplasmin, serum/urine Cu
C: Liver biopsy, genetic studies

33
Q

Autoimmune hepatitis screening and confirmatory test

A

S: anti-nuclear Ab (ANA), anti-smooth muscle, Ab (ASMA)
C: Liver biopsy

34
Q

Chronic hepatitis diseases:

A

Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, NAFLD, Hemochromatosis Wilson’s disease, Autoimmune hepatitis

35
Q

Genetic diseases of the liver

A
  1. Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency
  2. Criggler-Najjar syndrome
  3. Dubin-Johnson syndrome
  4. Gilbert’s syndrome
  5. Hemochromatosis
  6. Wilson’s disease
36
Q

Gene affected in alpha1-antritrypsin

A

SERPIN1 (Pi)

37
Q

Criggler Najjar gene and protein product

A

UGTA1
Product: UDP- gucuronyl transferase 1

38
Q

DBJ gene and protein product

A

COMOAT
PRODUCT: canalicular multispecific organic transporter

39
Q

Gilbert’s syndrome gene and protein product respectively

A

UGTA1 (promoter), UDP- glucuronyl transferase 1

40
Q

Hemochromatosis gene and protein product

A

HFE, HFE protein

41
Q

Wilson’s disease gene and protein product

A

ATP7B
PRODUCTS: ATPase, Cu(2+) transporting beta polypeptide

42
Q

5 anatomical infos about hepatic system

A
  1. Liver is a reddish-brown organ with two lobes.
  2. Gallbladder is a small, pear-shapeorgan on the right side of your abdomen, just beneath your liver.
  3. Falciform is a thin, flat ligament attaching the liver to the diapraghm.
  4. Hepatocytes are polygonal liver cells arranged in plates.
  5. Portal triad are composed of three major tubes.
43
Q

The functional units of the liver is the a

Clin Chem 2 (2 decks)

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