Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

3S - Trematodes > Liver Flukes: Fasciola hepatica > Flashcards

Liver Flukes: Fasciola hepatica Flashcards

1
Q

Common name of Fasciola hepatica

A
  • Sheep liver fluke
  • Temperate liver fluke
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Disease produced by Fasciola hepatica

A
  • Fascioliasis (Sheep)
  • Sheep liver rot (Temperate)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

MOT of Fasciola hepatica

A
  • Ingestion of Metacercaria encysted on raw edible aquatic plants
  • Drinking water with metacercaria
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Diagnostic stage of Fasciola hepatica

A
  • Operculated
  • Unembryonated egg
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

1st Intermediate host of Fasciola hepatica

A

Snail: Family of Lymnaeidae

● L. truncatula
● L. bulmoides
● L. tomentosa
● L. rubiginosa
● L. philippinensis
● L. auricularia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

2nd Intermediate host of Fasciola hepatica

A

Aquatic Plants
- Ipomea obscura (Kangkong)
- Nasturtium officinale (Watercress)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Scientific name for Kangkong

A

Ipomea obscura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Scientific name for Watercress

A

Nasturtium officinale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Definitive/Final Host of Fasciola hepatica

A

Human

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Clinical Manifestation of Fasciola Hepatica, there are 6.

A
  1. Hepatic Fascioliasis
  2. Inflammation in biliary epithelium
  3. Liver atrophy
  4. Liver cirrhosis
  5. Liver cancer
  6. Halzoun/Pharyngeal Fascioliasis
    • Ectopic Fascioliasis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What Clinical manifestation of asciola hepatica is this?

Asymptomatic fever, RUQ Abdominal Pains, Inc. PBS for Eosinophil, Hepatomegaly

a. Hepatic fascioliasis
b. Ectopic Facioliasis
c. Halzoun (Pharyngeal fascioliasis)

A

A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What Clinical manifestation of asciola hepatica is this?

Parasite wanders hematogenously; causes necrosis, abscess, fibrosis (lungs/brain/orbit)

a. Hepatic fascioliasis
b. Ectopic Facioliasis..
c. Halzoun (Pharyngeal fascioliasis)

A

B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What Clinical manifestation of Fasciola hepatica is this?

Ingesting raw sheep’s liver leading to edema and congestion

a. Hepatic fascioliasis
b. Ectopic Facioliasis
c. Halzoun (Pharyngeal fascioliasis)

A

C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What Clinical manifestation of Fasciola hepatica is this?

Subcutaneous nodules

a. Skin involvement
b. Biliary obstruction
c. Triad

A

A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What Clinical manifestation of fasciola hepatica is this?

Cholecystitis, cholangitis, cholelithiasis

a. Skin involvement
b. Biliary obstruction
c. Triad

A

B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What Clinical manifestation of fasciola hepatica is this?

Sudden onset of high fever, hepatomegaly, marked eosinophilia

a. Skin involvement
b. Biliary obstruction
c. Triad

A

C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Diagnosis of Fasciola hepatica

A
  1. DFS/Stool exam: detection of coproantigens (immunologic method: ELISA, Western blot)
  2. Duodenal Aspiration
  3. Serologic test
  4. NAT (Nucleic Acid Test -> PCR)
  5. FECT
  6. Kato-Katz
  7. Recovery of adult worms during surgery
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Treatment for Fasciola hepatica

A

Triclabendazole
Bithionol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Stain used to be injected in liver flukes to see internal organs

A

Potassium permanganate or India Ink

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Habitat of Fasciola hepatica

A
  • Biliary passages of the liver
  • Bile duct
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Infectiv stage of Fasciola hepatica

A

Metacercaria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Pathology of F. hepatica

A

● Hepatic Fascioliasis
● Inflammation in biliary epithelium
● Liver atrophy
● Liver cirrhosis
● Liver cancer
● Halzoun/Pharyngeal Fascioliasis

23
Q

What is the causative agent of Halzoun (Pharyngeal Fascioliasis)?

Egg or adult worm of Fasciola hepatica?

A

Adult worm of Fasciola heptica

24
Q

When Fasciola hepatica is layed, is it immature or mature?

A

Immature

25
Q

What is the Faciola hepatica egg called?

A

Hen’s egg

26
Q

Life Cycle of Fasciola hepatica

(own words)

A
  1. Metacercaria
  2. Adult will produce egg (environment)
  3. Embryonation
  4. Creation of 1st stage larva (miracidium)
  5. Sporocyst
  6. Rediae
  7. Metacercaria
27
Q

F. hepatica
1st IH in Europe and North Asia

A

Lymnaea truncatula

28
Q

1st Intermediate host of Fasciola hepatica in North America

A

Lymnaea bulmoides

29
Q

1st Intermediate host of Fasciola hepatica in Australia

A

Lymnaea tomentosa

30
Q

1st Intermediate hosts of Fasciola hepatica

A
  • L. truncutula (Europe & North Asia)
  • L. bulmoides (North America)
  • L. tomentosa (Australia)
  • L. rubiginosa
  • L. philippinensis
  • L. auricularia
31
Q

1st IH: ______
2nd IH: ________

of Fasciola hepatica

A

1st IH: Snail
2nd IH: Aquatic Plants

32
Q

The testes of F. hepatica is in what form?

a. branched
b. unbranced

A

a. branched

33
Q

The uterus of F. hepatica is in what form?

A

Coiled

34
Q

The intestinal ceca of F. hepatica is in what form?

a. branched
b. unbranced

A

a. branched

35
Q

When the egg of f. hepatica is layed, is it embryonated or unembryonated?

+ What is its appearance in terms of size and color?

A

Unembryonated, Large, Yellow to Brown

36
Q

What is the appearance of the cephalic cone of F. hepatica?

wide or thin

A

Wide cephalic cone

37
Q

MOT of F. hepatica/gigantica

A

Ingestion of undercooked or raw aquatic plants containing metacercaria

38
Q

Adult Morphology of F. Hepatica

A

● Leaf-like appearance
● Rounded in shape
● Shorter, smaller, flat, broad body
● Has smaller cephalic cone
● Flesh or pinkish color

39
Q

F. hepatica
- Has cephalic cone
- Prominent shoulders

A
  • Cephalic cone: triangular/pyramidal structure
40
Q

F. hepatica
- Ovary is dendritic

n/a

A
41
Q

F. hepatica eggs when released is _____ (mature/immature)

A

Immature when released

42
Q

Fasciola eggs are quite difficult to distinguish, there is no clear distinction between F. hepatica and F. gigantica. Hence, the matter of reporting would be ________?

A

Fasciola egg

43
Q

Fasciola eggs are also quite similar to Fasciolopsis eggs, hence, in other references they are reported as _______?

A

Fasciola/Fasciolopsis eggs.

44
Q

F. hepatica: Shape of cephalic cone

A
  • triangular/pyramidal structure
45
Q

F.hepatica/gigantica: Life Cycle

A
  1. Ingestion of Kangkong/Water plants (with METACERCARIA)
  2. Meta would exist in duodenum, will burrow until it reaches the liver and will mature to become adult.
  3. Eggs released sa feces (unembryo)
  4. After 9-15 days, it will embryonate and hatch the MIRACIDIUM
  5. Miracidium will penetrate the snail, develop from SPOROCYST, REDIAE, to CERCARIAE in the snail tissue.
  6. CERCARIAE will eventually infect the 2nd IH, repeating the life cycle
46
Q

F. hepatica/F. gigantica: Disease Manifestations

A

Fascioliasis

47
Q

F. hepatica/F. gigantica: Disease Manifestations - Fascioliasis

Its Clinical stages: Acute Stage

A

Acute Stage: Larval migration and Worm maturation
- Fever
- Jaundice: yellowing of the skin and sclera of the eyes
○ This happens because the parasite might cause obstruction in the bile duct, where the pigment bilirubin passes through.
- Pain
- Anorexia
- Hepatomegaly: enlargement of the liver
- Triad of Manifestations: High fever, hepatomegaly, and marked eosinophilia are of diagnostic significance
- Occurrence of Liver rot: severe or significant destruction of the liver due to the migrating larva

48
Q

F. hepatica/F. gigantica: Disease Manifestations - Fascioliasis

Its Clinical stages: Chronic Stage

A

Chronic Stage: Persistence of the adults in the biliary ducts
- Obstruction and inflammation leading to fibrosis (scarring of the liver)

49
Q

Determine what F. hepatica/F. gigantica: Disease Manifestations

temporary lodgement of the fluke in the pharynx
- Happens when person ingest raw liver of sheep, cattles, or beef that is infected with the parasite
- Delicacies in Mediterranean countries
- Once ingested, it could cause suffocation and respiratory problems

a. Fascioliasis
b. Halzoun/Marrara
c. Spurious Infections

A

B. Halzoun/Marrara

50
Q

Determine what F. hepatica/F. gigantica: Disease Manifestations

a.k.a. Pseudofascioliasis (False infection)
- not real infections
- usually happens to patients who ingests cooked liver
- cooked liver might still contain parasite eggs
- Stool specimen might indicate Fasciola infection but in reality, it is a false infection
- Avoid eating liver 3 days before the scheduled stool examination to avoid a
diagnosis of false infection.

a. Fascioliasis
b. Halzoun/Marrara
c. Spurious Infections

A

c. Spurious Infections

51
Q

What do you call the Infection where cooked liver might still contain parasite eggs?

A

Pseudofascioliasis (False Infection)

52
Q

T/F: Fasciola spp. is difficult to distuish from F. buski

A

True

53
Q

Fasciola spp. Reservoir hosts

A
  1. Hares
  2. Rabbits
54
Q

What country has the increased numer of cases in Fasciola spp.?

A

Vietnam

3S - Trematodes (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions